TORONTO, ONTARIO–(Marketwired – Dec. 6, 2016) – For the fourth quarter ended October 31, 2016, BMO Financial Group (TSX:BMO) (NYSE:BMO) reported net income of $1,345 million or $2.02 per share on a reported basis, and net income of $1,395 million or $2.10 per share on an adjusted basis.
“The actions we have taken over the last several years to advance our strategic priorities are reflected in strong performance for the fourth quarter and the year. Adjusted earnings for 2016 surpassed $5 billion for the first time and we delivered adjusted earnings per share of $7.52, both up 7% from the previous year,” said Bill Downe, Chief Executive Officer, BMO Financial Group.
“These results reflect, in addition to a strong and diversified business model, the role our technology capabilities are playing in differentiating our offering and the customer experience we are able to deliver. They are allowing us to be faster and more efficient while delivering ever-increasing value.
“In every part of the bank, we balanced decisions to improve operating efficiencies with those aimed at enabling future growth. We are well-capitalized with a strong balance sheet and a consistent and disciplined approach to managing risk.
“As we mark the start of our 200th year in business, we have never been better positioned. We are focused on the future and are confident in our capabilities as we build on momentum and drive continued growth. Our first priority remains to achieve industry-leading customer loyalty by delivering on our brand promise,” concluded Mr. Downe.
Concurrent with the release of results, BMO announced a first quarter 2017 dividend of $0.88 per common share, up $0.02 or 2% from the preceding quarter and up $0.04 per share or 5% from a year ago, equivalent to an annual dividend of $3.52 per common share.
BMO’s 2016 audited annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying management’s discussion & analysis (MD&A), along with the supplementary financial information report, are available online at www.bmo.com/investorrelations and at www.sedar.com.
| (1) | Results and measures in this document are presented on a GAAP basis. They are also presented on an adjusted basis that excludes the impact of certain items. Adjusted results and measures are non-GAAP and are detailed for all reported periods in the Non-GAAP Measures section, where such non-GAAP measures and their closest GAAP counterparts are disclosed. |
| (2) | All Earnings per Share (EPS) measures in this document refer to diluted EPS unless specified otherwise. EPS is calculated using net income after deductions for net income attributable to non-controlling interest in subsidiaries and preferred share dividends. |
Note: All ratios and percentage changes in this document are based on unrounded numbers.
Total Bank Overview
Net income was $1,345 million for the fourth quarter of 2016, up 11% from the prior year. Adjusted net income, which excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and acquisition integration costs in both periods, was $1,395 million, up 10% from the prior year with good income growth across our operating groups. EPS was $2.02, up 10% and adjusted EPS was $2.10, up 11% year over year. Return on equity was 13.8% and adjusted return on equity was 14.4%. Book value per share increased 6% from the prior year to $59.56 per share. The Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio was 10.1%.
Operating Segment Overview for the Fourth Quarter of 2016
Canadian P&C
Reported and adjusted net income of $592 million increased 5% from a year ago. Revenue increased $91 million or 5% from the prior year due to higher balances across most products and increased non-interest revenue. Provisions for credit losses increased $11 million to $123 million due to higher provisions in both the consumer and commercial portfolios. Non-interest expense increased $35 million or 4% reflecting continued investment in the business, net of an ongoing focus on expense management. Operating leverage was positive 1.4%. Year-over-year loan growth was 6% and deposit growth was 8%.
In our personal banking business, year-over-year loan and deposit growth was 4% and 9%, respectively. During the quarter, we completed the upgrade of our automated banking machines (ABMs) that offer enhanced functionality including intelligent touch screens and envelope-free deposits.
In our commercial banking business, year-over-year loan and deposit growth was 12% and 5%, respectively. These results reflect our continued focus on increasing sales force capacity and developing new products and services that meet our clients’ needs. This quarter, we simplified our product portfolio through the launch of five new Business Banking Plans aligned to our customers’ growing preference for digital banking.
U.S. P&C
Net income of $286 million increased $78 million or 38%. Adjusted net income, which excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, was $299 million up $77 million or 35%. All amounts in the remainder of this section are on a U.S. dollar basis.
Net income of $217 million increased $59 million or 37% from a year ago and adjusted net income of $226 million increased $58 million or 34%, benefiting from the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business and continued good growth in commercial lending.
Revenue of $906 million increased $182 million or 25%, due to the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business, higher organic loan and deposit volumes, and increased deposit spreads and fee income, net of loan spread compression. Provisions for credit losses of $50 million increased $17 million, primarily due to a consumer loan sale benefit in the prior year, and the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business. Adjusted non-interest expense of $546 million increased $71 million or 15%, due primarily to the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business. Adjusted operating leverage was positive 9.9%.
Loans grew $10.7 billion or 18%, benefiting from the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business and organic commercial loan growth of 17%.
During the quarter, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation released their annual deposit market share results. In the Chicago and Milwaukee areas, we maintained our strong second place rankings, as BMO Harris Bank’s deposit market share improved to 13.6% and 13.8%, respectively. We maintained our overall number four market share ranking within our primary footprint of Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Indiana, and Minnesota.
BMO Wealth Management
Net income was $279 million, up 15% from a year ago. Adjusted net income, which excludes acquisition integration costs and the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, was $302 million up 11% from a year ago. Traditional wealth reported net income was $201 million compared to $186 million a year ago. Traditional wealth adjusted net income was $224 million compared to $214 million a year ago largely reflecting improved market conditions and growth across most of our businesses. From a year-over-year growth perspective, a gain on sale of an investment in the current quarter was offset by a gain on sale net of a legal provision in the prior year. Net income in insurance was $78 million, up $21 million from a year ago mainly due to the impact of business growth and favourable market movements in the current quarter. Adjusted operating leverage, net of insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities, was 2.7% as we focused on expense management.
Assets under management and administration increased $12 billion or 1% from a year ago to $875 billion. Year-over-year both loans and deposits grew by 10% as we continue to diversify our product mix.
BMO Private Bank was named Best Private Bank – Canada – 2016 by World Finance for the sixth consecutive year, recognized for its operational dynamics and strong brand impact establishing a leading value proposition.
BMO Capital Markets
Reported net income of $396 million increased $155 million or 65% from a year ago. Adjusted net income, which excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, was $396 million, an increase of $154 million or 64%, driven by strong revenue performance. Revenue increased $249 million or 27%. In our Investment and Corporate Banking business, revenue increased due to strong mergers and acquisitions advisory activity, higher revenue from equity and debt underwriting, corporate lending and net securities gains. Trading Products revenue increased due to higher trading revenue from improved client activity, particularly in equity and interest rate trading, and higher equity issuances. Net recoveries of credit losses of $8 million increased $6 million from the prior year. Non-interest expense increased $38 million or 6%, mainly due to higher employee-related costs given strong performance.
During the quarter, Greenwich Associates ranked BMO Capital Markets first (tied) as a Greenwich Quality Leader in Overall Canadian Fixed Income, Canadian Fixed Income Sales, Canadian Fixed Income Research and Canadian Fixed Income Trading; second as a 2016 Greenwich Share Leader for Equity Trading Share and second (tied) as a 2016 Greenwich Share Leader for Overall Canadian Fixed Income Market Share. BMO Capital Markets was also named Best Bank for the Canadian Dollar for the sixth consecutive year by FX Week magazine and ranked #1 (tied) by its clients as a Prime Broker in Canada in the 2016 Global Custodian Prime Brokerage Survey. BMO Capital Markets is acting as financial advisor to Spectra Energy on its combination with Enbridge, the largest M&A deal in Canadian history, creating the largest energy infrastructure company in North America with an enterprise value of $165 billion.
Corporate Services
Corporate Services net loss for the quarter was $208 million, compared with a net loss of $39 million a year ago. Corporate Services adjusted net loss for the quarter was $194 million, compared with an adjusted net loss of $33 million a year ago. Adjusted results in both periods exclude acquisition integration costs. Both reported and adjusted results declined due to lower revenue, mainly driven by a recovery under a legal settlement in the prior year, above-trend expenses and lower credit recoveries.
Adjusted results in these Total Bank Overview and Operating Segment Overview sections are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section.
Capital
BMO’s Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) Ratio was 10.1% at October 31, 2016. The CET1 Ratio increased from 10.0% at the end of the third quarter as higher capital more than offset higher risk-weighted assets.
Provision for Credit Losses
The total provision for credit losses was $174 million, an increase of $46 million from the prior year due to higher provisions in Canadian and U.S. P&C and lower net recoveries in Corporate Services.
Caution
The foregoing sections contain forward-looking statements. Please see the Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.
Regulatory Filings
Our continuous disclosure materials, including our interim filings, annual Management’s Discussion and Analysis and audited consolidated financial statements, Annual Information Form and Notice of Annual Meeting of Shareholders and Proxy Circular are available on our website at www.bmo.com/investorrelations, on the Canadian Securities Administrators’ website at www.sedar.com and on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Bank of Montreal uses a unified branding approach that links all of the organization’s member companies. Bank of Montreal, together with its subsidiaries, is known as BMO Financial Group. As such, in this document, the names BMO and BMO Financial Group mean Bank of Montreal, together with its subsidiaries.
Financial Review
The Financial Review commentary is as of December 6, 2016. The Financial Review should be read in conjunction with the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements for the period ended October 31, 2016, included in this document, as well as the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2016, and the MD&A for Fiscal 2016 in BMO’s 2016 Annual Report. The material that precedes this section comprises part of this Financial Review.
The 2016 Annual MD&A includes a comprehensive discussion of our businesses, strategies and objectives, and can be accessed on our website at www.bmo.com/investorrelations. Readers are also encouraged to visit the site to view other quarterly financial information.
Bank of Montreal’s management, under the supervision of the CEO and CFO, has evaluated the effectiveness, as of October 31, 2016, of Bank of Montreal’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Canadian Securities Administrators) and has concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended October 31, 2016, which materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Because of inherent limitations, disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect misstatements.
As in prior quarters, Bank of Montreal’s Audit and Conduct Review Committee reviewed this document and Bank of Montreal’s Board of Directors approved the document prior to its release.
| Financial Highlights | Table 1 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | ||||||
| Summary Income Statement | |||||||||||
| Net interest income | 2,498 | 2,474 | 2,311 | 9,872 | 8,763 | ||||||
| Non-interest revenue | 2,780 | 3,159 | 2,671 | 11,215 | 10,626 | ||||||
| Revenue | 5,278 | 5,633 | 4,982 | 21,087 | 19,389 | ||||||
| Insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities (CCPB) | 79 | 691 | 265 | 1,543 | 1,254 | ||||||
| Revenue, net of CCPB | 5,199 | 4,942 | 4,717 | 19,544 | 18,135 | ||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 174 | 257 | 128 | 815 | 612 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense | 3,323 | 3,092 | 3,093 | 12,997 | 12,182 | ||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 357 | 348 | 282 | 1,101 | 936 | ||||||
| Net income | 1,345 | 1,245 | 1,214 | 4,631 | 4,405 | ||||||
| Attributable to bank shareholders | 1,344 | 1,245 | 1,206 | 4,622 | 4,370 | ||||||
| Attributable to non-controlling interest in subsidiaries | 1 | – | 8 | 9 | 35 | ||||||
| Net income | 1,345 | 1,245 | 1,214 | 4,631 | 4,405 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income | 1,395 | 1,295 | 1,264 | 5,020 | 4,681 | ||||||
| Common Share Data ($ except as noted) | |||||||||||
| Earnings per share | 2.02 | 1.86 | 1.83 | 6.92 | 6.57 | ||||||
| Adjusted earnings per share | 2.10 | 1.94 | 1.90 | 7.52 | 7.00 | ||||||
| Earnings per share growth (%) | 10.4 | 3.3 | 17.3 | 5.3 | 2.5 | ||||||
| Adjusted earnings per share growth (%) | 10.5 | 4.3 | 16.6 | 7.4 | 6.2 | ||||||
| Dividends declared per share | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.82 | 3.40 | 3.24 | ||||||
| Book value per share | 59.56 | 58.06 | 56.31 | 59.56 | 56.31 | ||||||
| Closing share price | 85.36 | 83.70 | 76.04 | 85.36 | 76.04 | ||||||
| Total market value of common shares ($ billions) | 55.1 | 54.0 | 48.9 | 55.1 | 48.9 | ||||||
| Dividend yield (%) | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.3 | ||||||
| Financial Measures and Ratios (%) | |||||||||||
| Return on equity | 13.8 | 13.0 | 12.9 | 12.1 | 12.5 | ||||||
| Adjusted return on equity | 14.4 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.1 | 13.3 | ||||||
| Return on tangible common equity | 17.2 | 16.3 | 16.3 | 15.3 | 15.8 | ||||||
| Adjusted return on tangible common equity | 17.5 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.1 | 16.4 | ||||||
| Net income growth | 10.8 | 4.5 | 13.5 | 5.1 | 1.7 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income growth | 10.3 | 5.3 | 13.9 | 7.2 | 5.1 | ||||||
| Revenue growth | 5.9 | 16.7 | 7.4 | 8.8 | 6.4 | ||||||
| Adjusted revenue growth, net of CCPB | 10.2 | 7.3 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 8.5 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense growth | 7.4 | 4.1 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 11.5 | ||||||
| Adjusted non-interest expense growth | 7.3 | 3.5 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 9.8 | ||||||
| Efficiency ratio, net of CCPB | 63.9 | 62.6 | 65.6 | 66.5 | 67.2 | ||||||
| Adjusted efficiency ratio | 61.7 | 53.7 | 60.8 | 59.2 | 60.9 | ||||||
| Adjusted efficiency ratio, net of CCPB | 62.6 | 61.2 | 64.2 | 63.9 | 65.2 | ||||||
| Operating leverage, net of CCPB | 2.8 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 1.1 | (3.0 | ) | |||||
| Adjusted operating leverage, net of CCPB | 2.9 | 3.8 | 1.8 | 2.1 | (1.3 | ) | |||||
| Net interest margin on average earning assets | 1.57 | 1.58 | 1.53 | 1.59 | 1.51 | ||||||
| Effective tax rate | 21.0 | 21.9 | 18.8 | 19.2 | 17.5 | ||||||
| Adjusted effective tax rate | 21.2 | 22.0 | 18.9 | 19.9 | 18.0 | ||||||
| Return on average assets | 0.75 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.66 | ||||||
| Provision for credit losses-to-average loans and acceptances (annualized) | 0.19 | 0.29 | 0.15 | 0.23 | 0.19 | ||||||
| Balance Sheet (as at $ millions, except as noted) | |||||||||||
| Assets | 687,935 | 691,682 | 641,881 | 687,935 | 641,881 | ||||||
| Net loans and acceptances | 371,751 | 364,133 | 334,024 | 371,751 | 334,024 | ||||||
| Deposits | 473,372 | 467,846 | 438,169 | 473,372 | 438,169 | ||||||
| Common shareholders’ equity | 38,464 | 37,437 | 36,182 | 38,464 | 36,182 | ||||||
| Cash and securities-to-total assets ratio (%) | 27.1 | 27.3 | 27.8 | 27.1 | 27.8 | ||||||
| Capital Ratios (%, except as noted) (1) | |||||||||||
| CET1 Ratio | 10.1 | 10.0 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 10.7 | ||||||
| Tier 1 Capital Ratio | 11.6 | 11.2 | 12.3 | 11.6 | 12.3 | ||||||
| Total Capital Ratio | 13.6 | 13.3 | 14.4 | 13.6 | 14.4 | ||||||
| Leverage Ratio | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | ||||||
| Foreign Exchange Rates | |||||||||||
| As at Canadian/U.S. dollar | 1.3411 | 1.3056 | 1.3075 | 1.3411 | 1.3075 | ||||||
| Average Canadian/U.S. dollar | 1.3216 | 1.3029 | 1.3191 | 1.3251 | 1.2550 | ||||||
| Adjusted results are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section. | |
| (1) | Comparative figures are as amended for Q3-2016 capital ratios, other than the Leverage Ratio. |
Non-GAAP Measures
Results and measures in this document are presented on a GAAP basis. Unless otherwise indicated, all amounts are in Canadian dollars and have been derived from financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). References to GAAP mean IFRS. They are also presented on an adjusted basis that excludes the impact of certain items as set out in Table 2 below. Results and measures that exclude the impact of Canadian/U.S. dollar exchange rate movements on our U.S. segment are non-GAAP measures (please see the Foreign Exchange section for a discussion of the effects of changes in exchange rates on our results). Management assesses performance on a reported basis and on an adjusted basis and considers both to be useful in assessing underlying ongoing business performance. Presenting results on both bases provides readers with a better understanding of how management assesses results. It also permits readers to assess the impact of certain specified items on results for the periods presented and to better assess results excluding those items if they consider the items to not be reflective of ongoing results. As such, the presentation may facilitate readers’ analysis of trends, as well as comparisons with our competitors. Except as otherwise noted, management’s discussion of changes in adjusted results in this document applies equally to changes in corresponding reported results. Adjusted results and measures are non-GAAP and as such do not have standardized meaning under GAAP. They are unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies and should not be viewed in isolation from or as a substitute for GAAP results.
| Non-GAAP Measures | Table 2 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | |||||
| Reported Results | ||||||||||
| Revenue | 5,278 | 5,633 | 4,982 | 21,087 | 19,389 | |||||
| Insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities (CCPB) | (79 | ) | (691 | ) | (265 | ) | (1,543 | ) | (1,254 | ) |
| Revenue, net of CCPB | 5,199 | 4,942 | 4,717 | 19,544 | 18,135 | |||||
| Provision for credit losses | (174 | ) | (257 | ) | (128 | ) | (815 | ) | (612 | ) |
| Non-interest expense | (3,323 | ) | (3,092 | ) | (3,093 | ) | (12,997 | ) | (12,182 | ) |
| Income before income taxes | 1,702 | 1,593 | 1,496 | 5,732 | 5,341 | |||||
| Provision for income taxes | (357 | ) | (348 | ) | (282 | ) | (1,101 | ) | (936 | ) |
| Net Income | 1,345 | 1,245 | 1,214 | 4,631 | 4,405 | |||||
| EPS ($) | 2.02 | 1.86 | 1.83 | 6.92 | 6.57 | |||||
| Adjusting Items (Pre-tax) | ||||||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (1) | (37 | ) | (40 | ) | (43 | ) | (160 | ) | (163 | ) |
| Acquisition integration costs (2) | (31 | ) | (27 | ) | (20 | ) | (104 | ) | (53 | ) |
| Cumulative accounting adjustment (3) | – | – | – | (85 | ) | – | ||||
| Restructuring cost (4) | – | – | – | (188 | ) | (149 | ) | |||
| Adjusting items included in reported pre-tax income | (68 | ) | (67 | ) | (63 | ) | (537 | ) | (365 | ) |
| Adjusting Items (After tax) | ||||||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (1) | (29 | ) | (31 | ) | (33 | ) | (124 | ) | (127 | ) |
| Acquisition integration costs (2) | (21 | ) | (19 | ) | (17 | ) | (71 | ) | (43 | ) |
| Cumulative accounting adjustment (3) | – | – | – | (62 | ) | – | ||||
| Restructuring cost (4) | – | – | – | (132 | ) | (106 | ) | |||
| Adjusting items included in reported net income after tax | (50 | ) | (50 | ) | (50 | ) | (389 | ) | (276 | ) |
| Impact on EPS ($) | (0.08 | ) | (0.08 | ) | (0.07 | ) | (0.60 | ) | (0.43 | ) |
| Adjusted Results | ||||||||||
| Revenue | 5,278 | 5,633 | 4,984 | 21,171 | 19,391 | |||||
| Insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities (CCPB) | (79 | ) | (691 | ) | (265 | ) | (1,543 | ) | (1,254 | ) |
| Revenue, net of CCPB | 5,199 | 4,942 | 4,719 | 19,628 | 18,137 | |||||
| Provision for credit losses | (174 | ) | (257 | ) | (128 | ) | (815 | ) | (612 | ) |
| Non-interest expense | (3,255 | ) | (3,025 | ) | (3,032 | ) | (12,544 | ) | (11,819 | ) |
| Income before income taxes | 1,770 | 1,660 | 1,559 | 6,269 | 5,706 | |||||
| Provision for income taxes | (375 | ) | (365 | ) | (295 | ) | (1,249 | ) | (1,025 | ) |
| Net income | 1,395 | 1,295 | 1,264 | 5,020 | 4,681 | |||||
| EPS ($) | 2.10 | 1.94 | 1.90 | 7.52 | 7.00 |
| Adjusted results and measures in this table are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. | |
| (1) | These expenses were charged to the non-interest expense of the operating groups. Before and after-tax amounts for each operating group are provided on pages 14, 15, 16, 18 and 20. |
| (2) | Acquisition integration costs related to F&C Asset Management plc (F&C) are charged to Wealth Management. Acquisition integration costs related to the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business are charged to Corporate Services, since the acquisition impacts both Canadian and U.S. P&C businesses. Acquisition costs are primarily recorded in non-interest expense. |
| (3) | Cumulative accounting adjustment recognized in other non-interest revenue related to foreign currency translation that largely impacted prior periods. |
| (4) | Restructuring charge in Q2-2016, as we accelerate the use of technology to enhance customer experience and focus on driving operational efficiencies. Restructuring charge in Fiscal-2015, primarily due to restructuring to drive operational efficiencies. Restructuring cost is recorded in non-interest expense. |
Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Bank of Montreal’s public communications often include written or oral forward-looking statements. Statements of this type are included in this document, and may be included in other filings with Canadian securities regulators or the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or in other communications. All such statements are made pursuant to the “safe harbor” provisions of, and are intended to be forward-looking statements under, the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and any applicable Canadian securities legislation. Forward-looking statements may involve, but are not limited to, comments with respect to our objectives and priorities for Fiscal 2017 and beyond, our strategies or future actions, our targets, expectations for our financial condition or share price, and the results of or outlook for our operations or for the Canadian, U.S. and international economies.
By their nature, forward-looking statements require us to make assumptions and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties. There is significant risk that predictions, forecasts, conclusions or projections will not prove to be accurate, that our assumptions may not be correct and that actual results may differ materially from such predictions, forecasts, conclusions or projections. We caution readers of this document not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements as a number of factors could cause actual future results, conditions, actions or events to differ materially from the targets, expectations, estimates or intentions expressed in the forward-looking statements.
The future outcomes that relate to forward-looking statements may be influenced by many factors, including but not limited to: general economic and market conditions in the countries in which we operate; weak, volatile or illiquid capital and/or credit markets; interest rate and currency value fluctuations; changes in monetary, fiscal, tax or economic policy; the level of competition in the geographic and business areas in which we operate; changes in laws or in supervisory expectations or requirements, including capital, interest rate and liquidity requirements and guidance; judicial or regulatory proceedings; the accuracy and completeness of the information we obtain with respect to our customers and counterparties; our ability to execute our strategic plans and to complete and integrate acquisitions, including obtaining regulatory approvals; critical accounting estimates and the effect of changes to accounting standards, rules and interpretations on these estimates; operational and infrastructure risks; changes to our credit ratings; political conditions, including changes relating to or affecting economic or trade matters; global capital markets activities; the possible effects on our business of war or terrorist activities; outbreaks of disease or illness that affect local, national or international economies; natural disasters and disruptions to public infrastructure, such as transportation, communications, power or water supply; technological changes; information and cyber-security; and our ability to anticipate and effectively manage risks associated with all of the foregoing factors.
We caution that the foregoing list is not exhaustive of all possible factors. Other factors and risks could adversely affect our results. For more information, please see the Enterprise-Wide Risk Management section on pages 79 to 112 of BMO’s 2016 Annual Report, which outlines certain key factors and risks that may affect Bank of Montreal’s future results. Investors and others should carefully consider these factors and risks, as well as other uncertainties and potential events, and the inherent uncertainty of forward-looking statements. Bank of Montreal does not undertake to update any forward-looking statements, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time by the organization or on its behalf, except as required by law. The forward-looking information contained in this document is presented for the purpose of assisting our shareholders in understanding our financial position as at and for the periods ended on the dates presented, as well as our strategic priorities and objectives, and may not be appropriate for other purposes.
Assumptions about the performance of the Canadian and U.S. economies, as well as overall market conditions and their combined effect on our business, are material factors we consider when determining our strategic priorities, objectives and expectations for our business. In determining our expectations for economic growth, both broadly and in the financial services sector, we primarily consider historical economic data provided by the Canadian and U.S. governments and their agencies. See the Economic Developments and Outlook section on page 30 of BMO’s 2016 Annual MD&A.
Foreign Exchange
The Canadian dollar equivalents of BMO’s U.S. segment net income, revenues, expenses, provision for credit losses and income taxes that are denominated in U.S. dollars were essentially unchanged relative to the fourth quarter of 2015 and were increased relative to the third quarter of 2016 by the stronger U.S. dollar. The average Canadian/U.S. dollar exchange rate for the quarter, expressed in terms of the Canadian dollar cost of a U.S. dollar, was essentially unchanged from the fourth quarter of 2015 and the average increased 1% from the third quarter of 2016. Table 3 indicates the relevant average Canadian/U.S. dollar exchange rates and the impact of changes in the rates on our U.S. segment results. As at October 31, 2016, the Canadian dollar traded at $1.3411 per U.S. dollar. It traded at $1.3056 and $1.3075 per U.S. dollar as at July 31, 2016, and October 31, 2015, respectively. References in this document to the impact of the U.S. dollar do not include U.S.-dollar-denominated amounts recorded outside of BMO’s U.S. segment.
Economically, our U.S. dollar income stream was unhedged to changes in foreign exchange rates during the quarter. A portion of BMO Capital Markets U.S. dollar net income in earlier quarters was economically hedged.
We regularly determine whether to execute hedging transactions to mitigate the impact of foreign exchange rate movements on net income.
See the Capital Management section of the 2016 Annual MD&A for discussion on the impact that changes in foreign exchange rates can have on our capital position.
Changes in foreign exchange rates will also affect accumulated other comprehensive income primarily from the translation of our investments in foreign operations.
This Foreign Exchange section contains forward-looking statements. Please see the Caution Regarding Forward Looking Statements.
| Effects of Changes in Exchange Rates on BMO’s U.S. Segment Reported and Adjusted Results | Table 3 |
| Q4-2016 | |||||
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | vs Q4-2015 | vs Q3-2016 | |||
| Canadian/U.S. dollar exchange rate (average) | |||||
| Current period | 1.3216 | 1.3216 | |||
| Prior period | 1.3191 | 1.3029 | |||
| Effects on U.S. segment reported results | |||||
| Increased net interest income | 2 | 14 | |||
| Increased non-interest revenue | 1 | 12 | |||
| Increased revenues | 3 | 26 | |||
| Increased provision for credit losses | – | (1 | ) | ||
| Increased expenses | (3 | ) | (18 | ) | |
| Increased income taxes | – | (2 | ) | ||
| Increased reported net income before impact of hedges | – | 5 | |||
| Hedging losses in current period, after tax | – | – | |||
| Increased reported net income | – | 5 | |||
| Effects on U.S. segment adjusted results | |||||
| Increased net interest income | 2 | 14 | |||
| Increased non-interest revenue | 1 | 12 | |||
| Increased revenues | 3 | 26 | |||
| Increased provision for credit losses | – | (1 | ) | ||
| Increased expenses | (2 | ) | (18 | ) | |
| Increased income taxes | – | (2 | ) | ||
| Increased adjusted net income before impact of hedges | 1 | 5 | |||
| Hedging losses in current period, after tax | – | – | |||
| Increased adjusted net income | 1 | 5 | |||
| Adjusted results in this section are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section. |
Net Income
Q4 2016 vs Q4 2015
Net income was $1,345 million for the fourth quarter of 2016, up $131 million or 11% from the prior year. Adjusted net income, which excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and acquisition integration costs in both periods, was $1,395 million, up $131 million or 10% from the prior year. EPS of $2.02 was up $0.19 or 10% and adjusted EPS of $2.10 was up $0.20 or 11% from the prior year.
The combined P&C banking business net income of $878 million and adjusted net income of $891 million increased 14%. Canadian P&C net income increased 5% reflecting good operating performance with higher balances across most products and increased non-interest revenue, partially offset by higher expenses and higher provisions for credit losses. U.S. P&C reported net income increased 38% on a Canadian dollar basis and 37% on a U.S. dollar basis. U.S. P&C adjusted net income increased 35% on a Canadian dollar basis and 34% on a U.S. dollar basis. Reported and adjusted U.S. P&C net income benefited from the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business and continued good growth in commercial lending. Wealth Management reported net income was $279 million compared to $243 million in the prior year. Wealth Management adjusted net income was $302 million compared to $271 million, up 11% from the prior year. Traditional wealth reported net income increased 8% and adjusted net income increased 5% largely reflecting improved market conditions and growth across most of our businesses. From a year-over-year growth perspective, a gain on sale of an investment in the current quarter was offset by a gain on sale net of a legal provision in the prior year. Insurance net income increased primarily due to the impact of business growth and favourable market movements in the current quarter. BMO Capital Markets net income increased 65% driven by strong revenue performance. Corporate Services reported and adjusted results declined primarily due to lower revenue driven by a recovery under a legal settlement in the prior year, above-trend expenses and lower credit recoveries.
Q4 2016 vs Q3 2016
Net income and adjusted net income both increased $100 million, or 8% from the prior quarter. Adjusted net income excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets and acquisition integration costs in both periods. EPS increased $0.16 or 9% and adjusted EPS increased $0.16 or 8%.
Reported and adjusted net income increased in Canadian P&C by 5% as a result of higher revenue and lower provisions for credit losses, partially offset by higher expenses. U.S. P&C reported and adjusted net income both increased 4% on a Canadian dollar basis and 2% on a U.S. dollar basis due to higher revenue and lower provisions for credit losses, partially offset by higher expenses. Wealth Management reported net income increased 39% and adjusted net income increased 32% compared to the prior quarter. Reported net income in traditional wealth increased 36% and adjusted net income increased 28% reflecting a gain on sale of an equity investment sold in the fourth quarter and growth across the businesses. Net income in insurance increased 47% mainly due to the unfavourable impact of market movements in the prior quarter. BMO Capital Markets results increased 24% largely due to strong Investment and Corporate Banking revenue and lower provisions for credit losses, partially offset by higher expenses. Corporate Services reported and adjusted results declined mainly due to higher expenses due in part to seasonality.
Adjusted results in this Net Income section are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section.
Revenue
Q4 2016 vs Q4 2015
Revenue of $5,278 million increased $296 million or 6% from the fourth quarter a year ago. On a basis that nets insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities (CCPB) against insurance revenue (net revenue), revenue of $5,199 million increased $482 million or 10%.
Canadian P&C revenue increased 5% due to higher balances across most products and increased non-interest revenue. U.S. P&C revenue increased 25% on a Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar basis primarily due to the benefit of the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business, as well as higher organic loan and deposit volumes, increased deposit spreads and fee income, net of loan spread compression. Traditional wealth revenue decreased as business growth and improved Canadian and U.S. equity markets were more than offset by the impact of higher gains in the prior year, lower revenue due to divestitures and the impact of the weaker British pound. Net insurance revenue increased mainly due to the impact of favourable market movements in the current quarter and business growth. BMO Capital Markets revenue increased 27% with higher revenue in Investment and Corporate Banking due to strong merger and acquisition advisory activity, higher revenue from equity and debt underwriting, corporate lending and net securities gains. Trading Products revenue increased due to higher trading revenue from improved client activity, and higher equity issuances. Corporate Services revenue declined from above-trend revenue in the prior year, which included a recovery under a legal settlement.
Net interest income of $2,498 million increased $187 million or 8% from a year ago due to the benefits of the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business and organic volume growth. BMO’s overall net interest margin increased by 4 basis points to 1.57%. Net interest margin (excluding trading) increased 7 basis points from the prior year primarily due to the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business, higher deposit balances and, in U.S. P&C, higher deposit spreads. Average earning assets increased $33.9 billion or 6% to $631.4 billion, due to organic loan growth and the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business.
Non-interest revenue increased $295 million or 12% on a net revenue basis to $2,701 million, primarily due to higher revenue from underwriting and advisory fees, trading revenue and a gain on sale of an equity investment sold in the fourth quarter, partially offset by lower other non-interest revenue. Other non-interest revenue includes lease revenue from the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business, which was more than offset by the prior year benefits from a gain on sale of BMO’s U.S. retirement services business and a recovery under a legal settlement.
Gross insurance revenue decreased $155 million from a year ago, largely due to the impact of lower reinsurance and annuity business, partially offset by lower increases in long-term interest rates, which resulted in a smaller decrease in the fair value of insurance investments. Insurance revenue can experience variability arising from fluctuations in the fair value of insurance assets. The investments which support policy benefit liabilities are predominantly fixed income assets recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in insurance revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Income. These fair value changes are largely offset by changes in the fair value of policy benefit liabilities, the impact of which is reflected in insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities, as discussed on page 11. Given the extent to which insurance revenue can vary and that this variability is largely offset in CCPB, we generally focus on analyzing revenue net of CCPB.
Q4 2016 vs Q3 2016
Revenue decreased $355 million or 6% from the prior quarter. Net revenue increased $257 million or 5%.
Canadian P&C revenue increased 2% due to higher non-interest revenue and higher balances across most products. U.S. P&C revenue increased 3% on a Canadian dollar basis and 1%, on a U.S. dollar basis. Traditional wealth revenue increased by 9%, reflecting a gain on sale of an equity investment sold in the fourth quarter, growth across the businesses and the impact of improved Canadian equity markets. Net insurance revenue increased mainly due to the unfavourable impact of market movements in the prior quarter. BMO Capital Markets revenue was up 9% driven by strong merger and acquisition advisory activity in both Canada and the U.S. and higher net securities gains in our Investment and Corporate Banking business, partially offset by lower trading revenue. Corporate Services revenue declined primarily due to lower treasury-related revenue and a higher group taxable equivalent basis (teb) adjustment.
Net interest income increased $24 million or 1%, or was flat excluding the impact of the stronger U.S. dollar, as volume growth was offset by lower net interest margin. BMO’s overall net interest margin decreased by 1 basis point. Average earning assets increased $8.6 billion or 1% to $631.4 billion including $3.4 billion as a result of the stronger U.S. dollar.
Non-interest revenue increased $233 million or 9% on a net revenue basis, primarily due to higher revenue from underwriting and advisory fees, a gain on sale of an equity investment sold in the fourth quarter, higher insurance revenue, net of CCPB, and higher securities gains, other than trading, partially offset by lower trading revenue.
Gross insurance revenue decreased $571 million from the prior quarter, largely due to higher long-term interest rates decreasing the fair value of insurance investments and lower annuity sales. The decrease in insurance revenue was largely offset by lower insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities as discussed on page 11.
| Net Interest Margin on Average Earning Assets (teb) (1) | Table 4 |
| (In basis points) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | |||||
| Canadian P&C | 253 | 255 | 255 | 254 | 254 | |||||
| U.S. P&C | 358 | 357 | 347 | 362 | 346 | |||||
| Personal and Commercial Banking | 288 | 288 | 283 | 289 | 282 | |||||
| Wealth Management | 241 | 236 | 238 | 237 | 238 | |||||
| BMO Capital Markets | 54 | 56 | 59 | 59 | 56 | |||||
| Corporate Services (2) | nm | nm | nm | nm | nm | |||||
| Total BMO net interest margin | 157 | 158 | 153 | 159 | 151 | |||||
| Total BMO net interest margin (excluding trading) | 187 | 187 | 180 | 186 | 183 | |||||
| Total Canadian Retail (3) | 251 | 252 | 252 | 251 | 250 | |||||
| (1) | Net interest margin is disclosed and computed with reference to average earning assets, rather than total assets. This basis provides a more relevant measure of margins and changes in margins. Operating group margins are stated on a taxable equivalent basis (teb) while total BMO margin is stated on a GAAP basis. |
| (2) | Corporate Services adjusted net interest income is negative in all periods and its variability affects changes in net interest margin. |
| (3) | Total Canadian retail margin represents the net interest margin of the combined Canadian businesses of Canadian P&C and Wealth Management. |
| nm – not meaningful | |
Provisions for Credit Losses
Q4 2016 vs Q4 2015
The total provision for credit losses (PCL) was $174 million, an increase of $46 million from the prior year due to higher provisions in Canadian and U.S. P&C and lower net recoveries in Corporate Services. There was no net change to the collective allowance in the quarter.
Canadian P&C provisions increased $11 million to $123 million due to higher provisions in both the consumer and commercial portfolios. U.S. P&C provisions of $66 million increased $24 million primarily due to a consumer loan sale benefit in the prior year and the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business. BMO Capital Markets net recoveries of $8 million increased $6 million. Corporate Services credit recoveries decreased $17 million compared with the prior year.
Q4 2016 vs Q3 2016
PCL decreased $83 million primarily due to lower provisions in BMO Capital Markets and Canadian P&C. Canadian P&C provisions decreased $29 million mainly due to lower provisions in the commercial portfolio. U.S. P&C provisions decreased $9 million compared to the prior quarter primarily due to lower consumer provisions. BMO Capital Markets provisions for credit losses decreased $45 million from the prior quarter primarily due to lower new provisions in the oil and gas sector and the benefit of a reversal in the current quarter. Corporate Services credit recoveries decreased $3 million compared with the prior quarter.
| Provision for Credit Losses by Operating Group | Table 5 |
| (Canadian $ in millions) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | ||||||
| Canadian P&C | 123 | 152 | 112 | 542 | 496 | ||||||
| U.S. P&C (1) | 66 | 75 | 42 | 257 | 119 | ||||||
| Personal and Commercial Banking | 189 | 227 | 154 | 799 | 615 | ||||||
| Wealth Management | 1 | 4 | 1 | 9 | 7 | ||||||
| BMO Capital Markets | (8 | ) | 37 | (2 | ) | 81 | 26 | ||||
| Corporate Services (1) | (8 | ) | (11 | ) | (25 | ) | (74 | ) | (36 | ) | |
| Provision for credit losses | 174 | 257 | 128 | 815 | 612 | ||||||
| (1) | Beginning in the first quarter of 2016, the reduction in the credit mark that is reflected in net interest income and the provision for credit losses on the purchased performing portfolio are being recognized in U.S. P&C, consistent with the accounting for the acquisition of the BMO Transportation Finance business and given that these amounts have reduced substantially in size. Results for prior periods have not been reclassified. |
| Changes to Provision for Credit Losses | Table 6 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | |||||
| New specific provisions | 339 | 400 | 329 | 1,386 | 1,278 | |||||
| Reversals of previously established allowances | (85 | ) | (74 | ) | (57 | ) | (228 | ) | (210 | ) |
| Recoveries of loans previously written-off | (80 | ) | (69 | ) | (144 | ) | (343 | ) | (456 | ) |
| Provision for credit losses | 174 | 257 | 128 | 815 | 612 | |||||
| PCL as a % of average net loans and acceptances (annualized) | 0.19 | 0.29 | 0.15 | 0.23 | 0.19 |
Impaired Loans
Total gross impaired loans (GIL) were $2,332 million at the end of the current quarter, up from $2,307 million in the third quarter of 2016 due to the impact of the stronger U.S. dollar. Total GIL increased from $1,959 million a year ago primarily due to an increase in BMO Capital Markets and Canadian and U.S. P&C.
Factors contributing to the change in GIL are outlined in Table 7 below. Loans classified as impaired during the quarter totalled $555 million, down from $645 million in the third quarter of 2016 and up from $484 million a year ago.
| Changes in Gross Impaired Loans (GIL) and Acceptances (1) | Table 7 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | |||||
| GIL, beginning of period | 2,307 | 2,196 | 2,165 | 1,959 | 2,048 | |||||
| Classified as impaired during the period | 555 | 645 | 484 | 2,512 | 1,921 | |||||
| Transferred to not impaired during the period | (133 | ) | (144 | ) | (135 | ) | (577 | ) | (556 | ) |
| Net repayments | (161 | ) | (297 | ) | (167 | ) | (869 | ) | (700 | ) |
| Amounts written-off | (250 | ) | (153 | ) | (178 | ) | (706 | ) | (704 | ) |
| Recoveries of loans and advances previously written-off | – | – | – | – | – | |||||
| Disposals of loans | (28 | ) | – | (209 | ) | (34 | ) | (252 | ) | |
| Foreign exchange and other movements | 42 | 60 | (1 | ) | 47 | 202 | ||||
| GIL, end of period | 2,332 | 2,307 | 1,959 | 2,332 | 1,959 | |||||
| GIL as a % of gross loans and acceptances | 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.62 | 0.58 |
| (1) | GIL excludes purchased credit impaired loans. |
Insurance Claims, Commissions and Changes in Policy Benefit Liabilities
Insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities (CCPB) were $79 million in the fourth quarter of 2016, down $186 million from $265 million in the fourth quarter of 2015 due to the impact of lower annuity premiums and reinsurance liabilities, partially offset by lower increases in long-term interest rates which resulted in a smaller decrease in the fair value of policy benefit liabilities compared to the fourth quarter of 2015. The decrease was largely offset in revenue. CCPB were $79 million in the fourth quarter of 2016, down $612 million from $691 million in third quarter of 2016 due to higher long-term interest rates decreasing the fair value of policy benefit liabilities, compared to lower long-term interest rates in the prior quarter increasing the fair value of policy benefit liabilities, and the impact of lower annuity premiums. The decrease was largely offset in revenue.
Non-Interest Expense
Non-interest expense of $3,323 million increased $230 million or 7% from the fourth quarter a year ago. Adjusted non-interest expense excludes acquisition integration costs and the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets. Adjusted non-interest expense increased $223 million or 7% to $3,255 million. Reported and adjusted expenses increased largely due to the impact of the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business, increased technology costs and higher employee-related expenses, partially offset by the impact of divestitures.
Reported non-interest expense increased $231 million or 7%, and adjusted non-interest expense increased $230 million or 8% from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher employee-related expenses, increased technology costs and higher marketing.
Reported operating leverage, on a net revenue basis, was positive 2.8% year-over-year. Adjusted operating leverage, on a net revenue basis, was positive 2.9% year over year.
The reported efficiency ratio increased to 63.0% from 62.1% in the prior year, and improved to 63.9% on a net revenue basis compared to 65.6% a year ago. The adjusted efficiency ratio increased to 61.7% from 60.8% in the prior year, and improved to 62.6% on a net revenue basis compared to 64.2% a year ago.
Non-interest expense is detailed in the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.
Adjusted results in this Non-Interest Expense section are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section.
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes of $357 million increased $75 million from the fourth quarter of 2015 and increased $9 million from the third quarter of 2016. The effective tax rate for the quarter was 21.0%, compared with 18.8% a year ago and 21.9% in the third quarter of 2016.
The adjusted provision for income taxes of $375 million increased $80 million from a year ago and increased $10 million from the third quarter of 2016. The adjusted effective tax rate was 21.2% in the current quarter, compared with 18.9% a year ago and 22.0% in the third quarter of 2016. The higher reported and adjusted tax rates in the current quarter relative to the fourth quarter of 2015 were primarily due to a higher proportion of income from higher tax-rate jurisdictions and lower tax-exempt income from securities. The lower reported and adjusted tax rates in the current quarter relative to the third quarter of 2016 were primarily due to higher tax-exempt income from securities in the current quarter. On a teb basis, the reported effective tax rate for the quarter was 26.3%, compared with 24.9% a year ago and 26.7% in the third quarter of 2016. On a teb basis, the adjusted effective tax rate for the quarter was 26.3%, compared with 24.7% a year ago and 26.7% in the third quarter of 2016.
Adjusted results in this Income Taxes section are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section.
Capital Management
Fourth Quarter 2016 Regulatory Capital Review
BMO’s Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) Ratio was 10.1% at October 31, 2016.
The CET1 Ratio increased from 10.0% at the end of the third quarter as higher capital more than offset higher risk-weighted assets (RWA). The CET1 Ratio decreased from 10.7% at October 31, 2015 due to increased RWA largely from the Basel I capital floor and business growth, and the acquisition of the BMO Transportation Finance business in the first quarter, which reduced the ratio by approximately 60 basis points, partially offset by capital growth. The impact of foreign exchange movements on the CET1 Ratio was largely offset, as outlined below.
For institutions using advanced approaches for credit risk or operational risk, there is a Basel I capital floor as prescribed in OSFI’s Capital Adequacy Requirements (CAR) Guideline. In calculating regulatory capital ratios, there is a requirement to increase RWA when an amount calculated under the Basel I rules (covering both RWA and capital deductions) is higher than a similar calculation under the risk-sensitive Basel III rules.
CET1 Capital at October 31, 2016, was $28.2 billion, up from $27.2 billion at July 31, 2016, mainly due to higher retained earnings and the impact of a stronger U.S. dollar on accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). CET1 Capital was up from $25.6 billion at October 31, 2015, mainly due to retained earnings growth.
RWA was $278 billion at October 31, 2016, up from $273 billion at July 31, 2016, primarily due to foreign exchange movements and business growth, partially offset by changes in book quality and models, and a higher Basel I capital floor. RWA was up from $240 billion at October 31, 2015, due largely to the Basel I capital floor, business growth, and the acquisition of BMO Transportation Finance.
The bank’s Tier 1 and Total Capital Ratios were 11.6% and 13.6%, respectively, at October 31, 2016, compared with 11.2% and 13.3%, respectively, at July 31, 2016. The Tier 1 and Total Capital Ratios were higher primarily due to the same factors that impacted the CET1 Ratio, described above, and the $600 million preferred shares issuance in the fourth quarter of 2016. The Tier 1 and Total Capital Ratios were 12.3% and 14.4%, respectively, at October 31, 2015. The decrease in the Tier 1 Capital Ratio was due mainly to the factors impacting the CET1 Ratio discussed above, partially offset by the issuance of preferred shares. The decrease in the Total Capital Ratio was mainly due to the factors impacting the Tier 1 Ratios and the redemptions of non-NVCC-qualifying subordinated notes, partially offset by the issuance of NVCC-qualifying subordinated notes.
BMO’s Basel III Leverage Ratio was 4.2% at October 31, 2016, approximately 20 basis points higher than July 31, 2016, due mainly to higher Tier 1 Capital driven by higher CET1 Capital and the $600 million preferred shares issuance. The October 31, 2016, Basel III Leverage Ratio was unchanged from October 31, 2015.
BMO’s investments in foreign operations are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars. The foreign exchange impact of U.S.-dollar-denominated RWA and U.S.-dollar-denominated capital deductions may result in variability in the bank’s capital ratios. BMO may offset the impact of foreign exchange movements on its capital ratios and did so during the fourth quarter. Any such activities could also impact our book value and return on equity.
Other Capital Developments
During the quarter, 0.9 million common shares were issued through the exercise of stock options and the Shareholder Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan (DRIP).
On October 21, 2016, we completed our offering of $600 million Non-Cumulative 5-Year Rate Reset Class B Preferred Shares, Series 38.
On December 6, 2016, BMO announced that the Board of Directors had declared a quarterly dividend payable to common shareholders of $0.88 per common share, up $0.02 from the preceding quarter and up $0.04 per share or 5% from a year ago.
The dividend is payable on February 28, 2017, to shareholders of record on February 1, 2017. Common shareholders may elect to have their cash dividends reinvested in common shares of the bank in accordance with the DRIP. As previously announced, common shares issued under the dividend reinvestment feature of the DRIP will, until further notice, be issued from Treasury with a two percent discount from the average market price (as defined in the DRIP).
| Qualifying Regulatory Capital and Risk-Weighted Assets (All-in (1)) | Table 8 |
| (Canadian $ in millions) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | ||||
| Gross Common Equity (2) | 38,464 | 37,437 | 36,182 | ||||
| Regulatory adjustments applied to Common Equity | (10,305 | ) | (10,269 | ) | (10,554 | ) | |
| Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (CET1) | 28,159 | 27,168 | 25,628 | ||||
| Additional Tier 1 Eligible Capital (3) | 4,290 | 3,692 | 4,146 | ||||
| Regulatory adjustments applied to Tier 1 | (213 | ) | (213 | ) | (358 | ) | |
| Additional Tier 1 Capital (AT1) | 4,077 | 3,479 | 3,788 | ||||
| Tier 1 Capital (T1 = CET1 + AT1) | 32,236 | 30,647 | 29,416 | ||||
| Tier 2 Eligible Capital (4) | 5,677 | 5,610 | 5,218 | ||||
| Regulatory adjustments applied to Tier 2 | (51 | ) | (50 | ) | (50 | ) | |
| Tier 2 Capital (T2) | 5,626 | 5,560 | 5,168 | ||||
| Total Capital (TC = T1 + T2) | 37,862 | 36,207 | 34,584 | ||||
| Risk-weighted assets (5) (6) | |||||||
| CET1 Capital Risk-Weighted Assets | 277,562 | 272,882 | 239,689 | ||||
| Tier 1 Capital Risk-Weighted Assets | 277,562 | 272,882 | 239,689 | ||||
| Total Capital Risk-Weighted Assets | 277,562 | 272,882 | 239,716 | ||||
| Capital Ratios (%) (6) | |||||||
| CET1 Ratio | 10.1 | 10.0 | 10.7 | ||||
| Tier 1 Capital Ratio | 11.6 | 11.2 | 12.3 | ||||
| Total Capital Ratio | 13.6 | 13.3 | 14.4 | ||||
| (1) | “All-in” regulatory capital assumes that all Basel III regulatory adjustments are applied effective January 1, 2013, and that the capital value of instruments that no longer qualify as regulatory capital under Basel III rules is being phased out at a rate of 10% per year from January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2022. |
| (2) | Gross Common Equity includes issued qualifying common shares, retained earnings, accumulated other comprehensive income and eligible common share capital issued by subsidiaries. |
| (3) | Additional Tier 1 Eligible Capital includes directly and indirectly issued qualifying Additional Tier 1 instruments and directly and indirectly issued capital instruments, to the extent eligible, which are subject to phase-out under Basel III. |
| (4) | Tier 2 Eligible Capital includes directly and indirectly issued qualifying Tier 2 instruments and directly and indirectly issued capital instruments, to the extent eligible, that are subject to phase-out under Basel III. |
| (5) | Due to the phased-in implementation of the Credit Valuation Adjustment (CVA) which commenced in Q1-2014, the scalars applied to the fully implemented CVA charge for CET1, Tier 1 Capital and Total Capital are 64%, 71% and 77% respectively. |
| (6) | Comparative figures are as amended for RWA and Q3-2016 capital ratios. |
Caution
The foregoing Capital Management sections contain forward-looking statements. Please see the Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.
Eligible Dividends Designation
For the purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada) and any similar provincial and territorial legislation, BMO designates all dividends paid or deemed to be paid on both its common and preferred shares as “eligible dividends”, unless indicated otherwise.
Review of Operating Groups’ Performance
How BMO Reports Operating Group Results
The following sections review the financial results of each of our operating segments and operating groups for the fourth quarter of 2016.
Periodically, certain business lines and units within the business lines are transferred between client and corporate support groups to more closely align BMO’s organizational structure with its strategic priorities. In addition, revenue and expense allocations are updated to better align with current experience. Results for prior periods are restated to conform to the current presentation.
Corporate Services results prior to 2016 reflected certain items in respect of the 2011 purchased loan portfolio, including recognition of the reduction in the credit mark that is reflected in net interest income over the term of the purchased loans and provisions and recoveries of credit losses on the purchased portfolio. Beginning in the first quarter of 2016, the reduction in the credit mark that is reflected in net interest income and the provision for credit losses on the purchased performing portfolio are being recognized in U.S. P&C, consistent with the accounting for the acquisition of the BMO Transportation Finance business, and given that these amounts have reduced substantially in size. Results for prior periods have not been reclassified. Recoveries or provisions on the 2011 purchased credit impaired portfolio continue to be recognized in Corporate Services. Purchased loan accounting impacts related to the BMO Transportation Finance business are recognized in U.S. P&C.
Also effective in the first quarter of 2016, income from equity investments has been reclassified from net interest income to non-interest revenue in Canadian P&C, Wealth Management and Corporate Services. Results for prior periods have been reclassified. Restructuring costs and acquisition and integration costs that impact more than one operating group are also included in Corporate Services.
BMO analyzes revenue at the consolidated level based on GAAP revenue reflected in the consolidated financial statements rather than on a taxable equivalent basis (teb), which is consistent with our Canadian peer group. Like many banks, we analyze revenue on a teb basis at the operating group level. Revenue and the provision for income taxes are increased on tax-exempt securities to an equivalent before-tax basis to facilitate comparisons of income between taxable and tax-exempt sources. The offset to the group teb adjustments is reflected in Corporate Services revenue and income tax provisions.
| Personal and Commercial Banking (P&C) | Table 9 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | ||||||
| Net interest income (teb) | 2,198 | 2,161 | 1,989 | 8,588 | 7,642 | ||||||
| Non-interest revenue | 802 | 776 | 677 | 3,029 | 2,614 | ||||||
| Total revenue (teb) | 3,000 | 2,937 | 2,666 | 11,617 | 10,256 | ||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 189 | 227 | 154 | 799 | 615 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense | 1,621 | 1,571 | 1,491 | 6,362 | 5,729 | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | 1,190 | 1,139 | 1,021 | 4,456 | 3,912 | ||||||
| Provision for income taxes (teb) | 312 | 301 | 252 | 1,168 | 978 | ||||||
| Reported net income | 878 | 838 | 769 | 3,288 | 2,934 | ||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (1) | 13 | 13 | 15 | 52 | 57 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income | 891 | 851 | 784 | 3,340 | 2,991 | ||||||
| Net income growth (%) | 14.2 | 7.7 | 10.6 | 12.1 | 9.8 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income growth (%) | 13.6 | 7.4 | 10.6 | 11.7 | 9.7 | ||||||
| Revenue growth (%) | 12.6 | 12.2 | 8.4 | 13.3 | 7.3 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense growth (%) | 8.7 | 8.3 | 10.5 | 11.0 | 8.9 | ||||||
| Adjusted non-interest expense growth (%) | 9.0 | 8.4 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 9.0 | ||||||
| Return on equity (%) | 16.9 | 16.1 | 16.4 | 15.9 | 16.1 | ||||||
| Adjusted return on equity (%) | 17.2 | 16.4 | 16.8 | 16.2 | 16.5 | ||||||
| Operating leverage (%) (teb) | 3.9 | 3.9 | (2.1 | ) | 2.3 | (1.6 | ) | ||||
| Adjusted operating leverage (%) (teb) | 3.6 | 3.8 | (2.2 | ) | 2.1 | (1.7 | ) | ||||
| Efficiency ratio (%) (teb) | 54.0 | 53.5 | 56.0 | 54.8 | 55.9 | ||||||
| Adjusted efficiency ratio (%) (teb) | 53.4 | 52.9 | 55.2 | 54.1 | 55.2 | ||||||
| Net interest margin on average earning assets (%) (teb) | 2.88 | 2.88 | 2.83 | 2.89 | 2.82 | ||||||
| Average earning assets | 303,794 | 298,366 | 278,379 | 296,973 | 271,470 | ||||||
| Average net loans and acceptances | 303,865 | 297,932 | 277,120 | 296,565 | 269,683 | ||||||
| Average deposits | 235,399 | 230,418 | 219,187 | 230,013 | 210,799 | ||||||
| (1) | Before tax amounts of: $18 million in Q4-2016; $17 million in Q3-2016; $20 million in Q4-2015; $71 million in Fiscal 2016 and $73 million in Fiscal 2015 are included in non-interest expense. |
| Adjusted results in this table are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section. | |
The Personal and Commercial Banking (P&C) operating group represents the sum of our two retail and business banking operating segments, Canadian Personal and Commercial Banking (Canadian P&C) and U.S. Personal and Commercial Banking (U.S. P&C). The combined P&C banking business net income of $878 million and adjusted net income of $891 million were both up 14% from the prior year. Adjusted net income excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets. These operating segments are reviewed separately in the sections that follow.
Adjusted results in this P&C section are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures Section.
| Canadian Personal and Commercial Banking (Canadian P&C) | Table 10 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | ||||||
| Net interest income | 1,299 | 1,285 | 1,238 | 5,060 | 4,806 | ||||||
| Non-interest revenue | 502 | 485 | 472 | 1,908 | 1,834 | ||||||
| Total revenue | 1,801 | 1,770 | 1,710 | 6,968 | 6,640 | ||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 123 | 152 | 112 | 542 | 496 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense | 882 | 864 | 847 | 3,459 | 3,339 | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | 796 | 754 | 751 | 2,967 | 2,805 | ||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 204 | 193 | 190 | 760 | 700 | ||||||
| Reported net income | 592 | 561 | 561 | 2,207 | 2,105 | ||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (1) | – | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income | 592 | 562 | 562 | 2,209 | 2,109 | ||||||
| Personal revenue | 1,181 | 1,154 | 1,145 | 4,553 | 4,415 | ||||||
| Commercial revenue | 620 | 616 | 565 | 2,415 | 2,225 | ||||||
| Net income growth (%) | 5.5 | 1.1 | 6.6 | 4.9 | 4.4 | ||||||
| Revenue growth (%) | 5.4 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 5.0 | 3.7 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense growth (%) | 4.0 | 2.2 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 5.0 | ||||||
| Adjusted non-interest expense growth (%) | 4.2 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 4.9 | ||||||
| Operating leverage (%) | 1.4 | 2.1 | (0.1 | ) | 1.5 | (1.3 | ) | ||||
| Adjusted operating leverage (%) | 1.2 | 2.1 | 0.1 | 1.4 | (1.2 | ) | |||||
| Efficiency ratio (%) | 48.9 | 48.8 | 49.6 | 49.6 | 50.3 | ||||||
| Net interest margin on average earning assets (%) | 2.53 | 2.55 | 2.55 | 2.54 | 2.54 | ||||||
| Average earning assets | 203,876 | 200,709 | 192,591 | 199,526 | 189,505 | ||||||
| Average net loans and acceptances | 210,715 | 207,240 | 198,306 | 205,813 | 195,183 | ||||||
| Average deposits | 145,989 | 142,926 | 135,413 | 142,132 | 132,767 | ||||||
| (1) | Before tax amounts of: $1 million in each of Q4-2016 and Q3-2016; $2 million in Q4-2015; $3 million in Fiscal 2016 and $5 million in Fiscal 2015 are included in non-interest expense. |
| Adjusted results in this table are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section. | |
Q4 2016 vs Q4 2015
Canadian P&C reported and adjusted net income of $592 million both increased 5% from a year ago. Adjusted net income excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets. Revenue increased $91 million or 5% from the prior year due to higher balances across most products and increased non-interest revenue. Net interest margin was 2.53%, down 2 basis points primarily due to narrower spreads on variable lending products and the low interest rate environment, partially offset by product term changes and growth in higher-spread products including deposits.
Personal revenue increased $36 million or 3% due to higher balances across most products and increased non-interest revenue. Commercial revenue increased $55 million or 10% due to higher balances across most products and increased non-interest revenue.
Provisions for credit losses increased $11 million to $123 million due to higher provisions in both the consumer and commercial portfolios. Non-interest expense increased $35 million or 4% reflecting continued investment in the business, net of an ongoing focus on expense management. Year over year operating leverage was 1.4% and adjusted operating leverage was 1.2%.
Average net loans and acceptances increased $12.4 billion or 6% from a year ago. Total personal lending balances (excluding retail cards) increased 4% and commercial loan balances (excluding corporate cards) grew 12%. Average deposits increased $10.6 billion or 8%. Personal deposit balances increased 9% including strong chequing account growth while commercial deposit balances grew 5%.
Q4 2016 vs Q3 2016
Net income increased $31 million or 5% from the prior quarter. Revenue increased $31 million or 2% due to increased non-interest revenue and higher balances across most products. Net interest margin of 2.53% was down 2 basis points primarily due to above-trend interest recoveries and pre-payments in the prior quarter and the low interest rate environment, partially offset by product term changes.
Personal revenue increased $27 million due to increased non-interest revenue and higher balances across most products. Commercial revenue increased $4 million due to higher non-interest revenue and higher balances across most products. Provisions for credit losses decreased $29 million mainly due to lower provisions in the commercial portfolio. Non-interest expense increased $18 million or 2% reflecting continued investment in the business, net of an ongoing focus on expense management.
Average net loans and acceptances increased $3.5 billion or 2%, while average deposits increased $3.1 billion or 2%.
| U.S. Personal and Commercial Banking (U.S. P&C) | Table 11 |
| (US$ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | ||||||
| Net interest income (teb) (1) | 680 | 672 | 569 | 2,663 | 2,260 | ||||||
| Non-interest revenue | 226 | 224 | 155 | 846 | 621 | ||||||
| Total revenue (teb) (1) | 906 | 896 | 724 | 3,509 | 2,881 | ||||||
| Provision for credit losses (1) | 50 | 58 | 33 | 194 | 95 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense | 559 | 543 | 488 | 2,191 | 1,904 | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | 297 | 295 | 203 | 1,124 | 882 | ||||||
| Provision for income taxes (teb) | 80 | 83 | 45 | 307 | 221 | ||||||
| Reported net income | 217 | 212 | 158 | 817 | 661 | ||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (2) | 9 | 9 | 10 | 37 | 42 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income | 226 | 221 | 168 | 854 | 703 | ||||||
| Net income growth (%) | 37.3 | 21.2 | 3.8 | 23.6 | 10.3 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income growth (%) | 34.3 | 19.4 | 2.8 | 21.6 | 8.7 | ||||||
| Revenue growth (%) | 25.1 | 23.3 | – | 21.8 | (0.2 | ) | |||||
| Non-interest expense growth (%) | 14.6 | 13.5 | 2.3 | 15.1 | 0.1 | ||||||
| Adjusted non-interest expense growth (%) | 15.2 | 14.0 | 2.9 | 15.7 | 0.7 | ||||||
| Operating leverage (%) (teb) | 10.5 | 9.8 | (2.3 | ) | 6.7 | (0.3 | ) | ||||
| Adjusted operating leverage (%) (teb) | 9.9 | 9.3 | (2.9 | ) | 6.1 | (0.9 | ) | ||||
| Efficiency ratio (%) (teb) | 61.7 | 60.6 | 67.3 | 62.5 | 66.1 | ||||||
| Adjusted efficiency ratio (%) (teb) | 60.3 | 59.2 | 65.4 | 61.0 | 64.2 | ||||||
| Net interest margin on average earning assets (%) (teb) | 3.58 | 3.57 | 3.47 | 3.62 | 3.46 | ||||||
| Average earning assets | 75,599 | 74,953 | 65,039 | 73,569 | 65,319 | ||||||
| Average net loans and acceptances | 70,478 | 69,607 | 59,752 | 68,514 | 59,353 | ||||||
| Average deposits | 67,660 | 67,155 | 63,511 | 66,343 | 62,152 | ||||||
| (Canadian $ equivalent in millions) | |||||||||||
| Net interest income (teb) (1) | 899 | 876 | 751 | 3,528 | 2,836 | ||||||
| Non-interest revenue | 300 | 291 | 205 | 1,121 | 780 | ||||||
| Total revenue (teb) (1) | 1,199 | 1,167 | 956 | 4,649 | 3,616 | ||||||
| Provision for credit losses (1) | 66 | 75 | 42 | 257 | 119 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense | 739 | 707 | 644 | 2,903 | 2,390 | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | 394 | 385 | 270 | 1,489 | 1,107 | ||||||
| Provision for income taxes (teb) | 108 | 108 | 62 | 408 | 278 | ||||||
| Reported net Income | 286 | 277 | 208 | 1,081 | 829 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income | 299 | 289 | 222 | 1,131 | 882 | ||||||
| Net income growth (%) | 37.7 | 24.2 | 23.1 | 30.4 | 26.5 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income growth (%) | 34.7 | 22.3 | 21.9 | 28.2 | 24.7 | ||||||
| Revenue growth (%) | 25.4 | 26.8 | 18.6 | 28.6 | 14.5 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense growth (%) | 14.8 | 16.7 | 21.4 | 21.5 | 14.8 | ||||||
| Adjusted non-interest expense growth (%) | 15.4 | 17.3 | 22.2 | 22.2 | 15.5 | ||||||
| Average earning assets | 99,918 | 97,657 | 85,788 | 97,447 | 81,965 | ||||||
| Average net loans and acceptances | 93,150 | 90,692 | 78,814 | 90,752 | 74,500 | ||||||
| Average deposits | 89,410 | 87,492 | 83,774 | 87,881 | 78,032 | ||||||
| (1) | Beginning in the first quarter of 2016, the reduction in the credit mark that is reflected in net interest income and the provision for credit losses on the purchased performing portfolio are being recognized in U.S. P&C, consistent with the accounting for the acquisition of the BMO Transportation Finance business, and given that these amounts have reduced substantially in size. Results for prior periods have not been reclassified. |
| (2) | Before tax amounts of: US$13 million in each of Q4-2016, Q3-2016 and Q4-2015; US$52 million in Fiscal 2016 and US$55 million in Fiscal 2015 are included in non-interest expense. |
| Adjusted results in this table are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section. | |
Q4 2016 vs Q4 2015
Net income of $286 million increased $78 million or 38%. Adjusted net income, which excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, was $299 million up $77 million or 35%. All amounts in the remainder of this section are on a U.S. dollar basis.
Net income of $217 million increased $59 million or 37% from a year ago and adjusted net income of $226 million increased $58 million or 34%, benefiting from the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business and continued good growth in commercial lending. The acquired BMO Transportation Finance business contributed approximately 14% to both revenue and expenses in the quarter.
Revenue of $906 million increased $182 million or 25%, due to the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business, higher organic loan and deposit volumes, increased deposit spreads and fee income, net of loan spread compression. Net interest margin increased 11 basis points to 3.58%, driven by higher deposit spreads and volumes, the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business, and the recognition of the credit mark on the purchased performing portfolio previously recognized in Corporate Services, net of loan spread compression.
Provisions for credit losses of $50 million increased $17 million, primarily due to a consumer loan sale benefit in the prior year, and the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business. Non-interest expense of $559 million increased $71 million or 15% and adjusted non-interest expense of $546 million increased $71 million or 15%, primarily due to the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business.
Average net loans and acceptances increased $10.7 billion or 18% from the prior year to $70.5 billion, due to the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business and organic commercial loan growth of 17%, partially offset by declines in personal loan volumes including the planned reduction in the indirect auto portfolio.
Average deposits of $67.7 billion increased $4.1 billion or 7% from the prior year, driven by growth in personal volumes. Personal chequing and money market volumes increased $931 million or 3%.
Q4 2016 vs Q3 2016
Net income increased $9 million or 4%, and adjusted net income increased $10 million or 4% from the prior quarter. All amounts in the remainder of this section are on a U.S. dollar basis.
Net income and adjusted net income increased $5 million or 2% from the prior quarter.
Revenue increased $10 million or 1% from the prior quarter. Net interest margin increased 1 basis point from the prior quarter.
Provisions for credit losses decreased $8 million primarily due to lower consumer provisions. Non-interest expense and adjusted non-interest expense both increased $16 million or 3%.
Average net loans and acceptances increased $0.9 billion or 1% driven by growth in the commercial business, partially offset by declines in personal loan volumes including the planned reduction in the indirect auto portfolio. Average deposits increased $0.5 billion or 1% as a result of growth in fixed term and money market deposit product categories.
| BMO Wealth Management | Table 12 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | ||||||
| Net interest income | 162 | 154 | 148 | 614 | 565 | ||||||
| Non-interest revenue | 1,120 | 1,618 | 1,309 | 5,274 | 5,198 | ||||||
| Total revenue | 1,282 | 1,772 | 1,457 | 5,888 | 5,763 | ||||||
| Insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities (CCPB) | 79 | 691 | 265 | 1,543 | 1,254 | ||||||
| Revenue, net of CCPB | 1,203 | 1,081 | 1,192 | 4,345 | 4,509 | ||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 1 | 4 | 1 | 9 | 7 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense | 832 | 810 | 854 | 3,335 | 3,357 | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | 370 | 267 | 337 | 1,001 | 1,145 | ||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 91 | 66 | 94 | 239 | 295 | ||||||
| Reported net income | 279 | 201 | 243 | 762 | 850 | ||||||
| Acquisition integration costs (1) | 7 | 9 | 11 | 30 | 37 | ||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (2) | 16 | 17 | 17 | 71 | 68 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income | 302 | 227 | 271 | 863 | 955 | ||||||
| Traditional Wealth businesses reported net income | 201 | 147 | 186 | 540 | 610 | ||||||
| Traditional Wealth businesses adjusted net income | 224 | 173 | 214 | 641 | 715 | ||||||
| Insurance reported net income | 78 | 54 | 57 | 222 | 240 | ||||||
| Net income growth (%) | 15.0 | (3.9 | ) | 8.2 | (10.2 | ) | 8.9 | ||||
| Adjusted net income growth (%) | 11.4 | (2.0 | ) | 8.1 | (9.6 | ) | 13.3 | ||||
| Revenue growth (%) | (12.0 | ) | 32.6 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 8.0 | |||||
| Revenue growth, net of CCPB (%) | 0.9 | (3.3 | ) | 8.4 | (3.6 | ) | 17.6 | ||||
| Non-interest expense growth (%) | (2.5 | ) | (3.5 | ) | 4.6 | (0.6 | ) | 18.2 | |||
| Adjusted non-interest expense growth (%) | (1.8 | ) | (3.8 | ) | 4.5 | (0.4 | ) | 16.9 | |||
| Return on equity (%) | 18.1 | 13.2 | 16.1 | 12.4 | 14.8 | ||||||
| Adjusted return on equity (%) | 19.6 | 15.0 | 18.0 | 14.1 | 16.6 | ||||||
| Operating leverage, net of CCPB (%) | 3.4 | 0.2 | 3.8 | (3.0 | ) | (0.6 | ) | ||||
| Adjusted operating leverage, net of CCPB (%) | 2.7 | 0.5 | 3.9 | (3.2 | ) | 0.7 | |||||
| Efficiency ratio, net of CCPB (%) | 69.2 | 74.9 | 71.6 | 76.8 | 74.5 | ||||||
| Adjusted efficiency ratio (%) | 62.7 | 43.9 | 56.2 | 54.5 | 55.9 | ||||||
| Adjusted efficiency ratio, net of CCPB (%) | 66.8 | 72.0 | 68.7 | 73.9 | 71.5 | ||||||
| Assets under management and administration | 875,389 | 863,027 | 863,701 | 875,389 | 863,701 | ||||||
| Average earning assets | 26,808 | 25,982 | 24,730 | 25,898 | 23,784 | ||||||
| Average net loans and acceptances | 16,952 | 16,598 | 15,374 | 16,458 | 14,550 | ||||||
| Average deposits | 30,905 | 30,189 | 28,030 | 29,931 | 27,377 | ||||||
| U.S. Select Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||||||
| Total revenue | 196 | 165 | 248 | 629 | 806 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense | 139 | 140 | 160 | 575 | 652 | ||||||
| Reported net income | 41 | 17 | 52 | 39 | 99 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income | 45 | 21 | 57 | 54 | 118 | ||||||
| Average earning assets | 3,405 | 3,502 | 3,305 | 3,446 | 3,242 | ||||||
| Average net loans and acceptances | 3,207 | 3,293 | 3,049 | 3,200 | 2,965 | ||||||
| Average deposits | 5,484 | 5,445 | 5,757 | 5,602 | 6,010 | ||||||
| (1) | F&C acquisition integration costs before tax amounts of: $10 million in each of Q4-2016 and Q3-2016; $13 million in Q4-2015; $38 million in Fiscal-2016 and $46 million in Fiscal-2015 are included in non-interest expense. |
| (2) | Before tax amounts of: $19 million in Q4-2016 and $22 million in each of Q3-2016 and Q4-2015; $88 million in each of Fiscal 2016 and 2015 are included in non-interest expense. |
| Adjusted results in this table are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section. | |
Q4 2016 vs Q4 2015
Net income was $279 million, up 15% from a year ago. Adjusted net income, which excludes acquisition integration costs and the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, was $302 million up 11% from a year ago. Traditional wealth reported net income was $201 million compared to $186 million a year ago. Traditional wealth adjusted net income was $224 million compared to $214 million a year ago largely reflecting improved market conditions and growth across most of our businesses. From a year-over-year growth perspective, a gain on sale of an investment in the current quarter was offset by a gain on sale net of a legal provision in the prior year. Net income in insurance was $78 million, up $21 million from a year ago mainly due to the impact of business growth and favourable market movements in the current quarter.
Revenue was $1,282 million compared to $1,457 million a year ago. Revenue, net of CCPB, of $1,203 million, increased 1%. Revenue in traditional wealth was $1,067 million, down $15 million as business growth and improved Canadian and U.S. equity markets were more than offset by the impact of higher gains in the prior year, lower revenue due to divestitures and the impact of the weaker British pound. Insurance revenue, net of CCPB, was $136 million, up $26 million from a year ago due to the factors noted above. The weaker British pound reduced revenue by $20 million.
Non-interest expense of $832 million decreased $22 million or 2% and adjusted non-interest expense of $803 million decreased $16 million or 2% mainly due to divestitures and the impact of the weaker British pound, partially offset by continued investment in the business. The weaker British pound reduced non-interest expense by $18 million. Adjusted operating leverage, net of CCPB, was 2.7% as we focused on expense management.
Assets under management and administration increased $12 billion or 1% from a year ago to $875 billion. Year over year, both loans and deposits grew by 10% as we continue to diversify our product mix.
Q4 2016 vs Q3 2016
Net income was $279 million up 39% from the prior quarter. Adjusted net income of $302 million increased $75 million or 32% from the prior quarter. Traditional wealth reported net income was $201 million compared to $147 million in the prior quarter. Adjusted net income in traditional wealth of $224 million increased $51 million or 28% reflecting a gain on sale of an equity investment sold in the fourth quarter and growth across the businesses. Net income in insurance of $78 million was up $24 million mainly due to the unfavourable impact of market movements in the prior quarter.
Revenue, net of CCPB, of $1,203 million increased 11% from the prior quarter. Revenue in traditional wealth increased $86 million or 9% reflecting a gain on the sale of an equity investment in the fourth quarter, growth across the businesses and the impact of improved Canadian equity markets. Net insurance revenue of $136 million increased $36 million due to the factors noted above.
Non-interest expense of $832 million increased $22 million or 3% and adjusted non-interest expense of $803 million increased $25 million primarily due to higher revenue-based costs and the timing of marketing expenses.
Assets under management and administration increased $12 billion or 1%. Quarter over quarter, both loans and deposits grew by 2%.
| BMO Capital Markets | Table 13 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | ||||||
| Net interest income (teb) | 345 | 357 | 363 | 1,509 | 1,332 | ||||||
| Non-interest revenue | 840 | 730 | 573 | 2,853 | 2,535 | ||||||
| Total revenue (teb) | 1,185 | 1,087 | 936 | 4,362 | 3,867 | ||||||
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses | (8 | ) | 37 | (2 | ) | 81 | 26 | ||||
| Non-interest expense | 660 | 622 | 622 | 2,576 | 2,483 | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | 533 | 428 | 316 | 1,705 | 1,358 | ||||||
| Provision for income taxes (teb) | 137 | 107 | 75 | 437 | 329 | ||||||
| Reported net income | 396 | 321 | 241 | 1,268 | 1,029 | ||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (1) | – | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| Adjusted net income | 396 | 322 | 242 | 1,269 | 1,031 | ||||||
| Trading Products revenue | 657 | 694 | 564 | 2,670 | 2,412 | ||||||
| Investment and Corporate Banking revenue | 528 | 393 | 372 | 1,692 | 1,455 | ||||||
| Net income growth (%) | 64.7 | 17.8 | 26.4 | 23.3 | (4.2 | ) | |||||
| Revenue growth (%) | 26.5 | 8.8 | 15.8 | 12.8 | 4.1 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense growth (%) | 6.1 | (0.1 | ) | 8.6 | 3.8 | 5.7 | |||||
| Return on equity (%) | 20.7 | 16.2 | 12.5 | 16.2 | 14.8 | ||||||
| Operating leverage (%) (teb) | 20.4 | 8.9 | 7.2 | 9.0 | (1.6 | ) | |||||
| Efficiency ratio (%) (teb) | 55.7 | 57.2 | 66.4 | 59.1 | 64.2 | ||||||
| Net interest margin on average earning assets (%) (teb) | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.56 | ||||||
| Average earning assets | 254,052 | 254,182 | 244,528 | 254,461 | 238,916 | ||||||
| Average assets | 298,317 | 299,865 | 295,710 | 303,273 | 289,936 | ||||||
| Average net loans and acceptances | 48,117 | 46,943 | 41,104 | 46,109 | 37,113 | ||||||
| Average deposits | 151,507 | 149,099 | 147,493 | 150,068 | 141,038 | ||||||
| U.S. Select Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||||||
| Total revenue (teb) | 325 | 286 | 272 | 1,162 | 1,099 | ||||||
| Non-interest expense | 222 | 208 | 227 | 861 | 890 | ||||||
| Reported net income | 74 | 52 | 39 | 196 | 142 | ||||||
| Average earning assets | 80,806 | 78,210 | 78,253 | 78,774 | 76,630 | ||||||
| Average assets | 87,073 | 84,829 | 85,610 | 85,651 | 84,872 | ||||||
| Average net loans and acceptances | 15,768 | 15,615 | 12,603 | 15,068 | 11,034 | ||||||
| Average deposits | 50,614 | 53,291 | 55,134 | 52,459 | 55,942 | ||||||
| (1) | Before tax amounts of: $nil in Q4-2016; $1 million in each of Q3-2016 and Q4-2015; $1 million in Fiscal-2016 and $2 million in Fiscal-2015 are included in non-interest expense. |
| Adjusted results in this table are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section. | |
Q4 2016 vs Q4 2015
Reported net income of $396 million increased $155 million or 65% from a year ago. Adjusted net income, which excludes the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, was $396 million, an increase of $154 million or 64%, driven by strong revenue performance. Return on equity was 20.7% compared to 12.5% in the prior year due to higher net income, partially offset by higher allocated capital.
Revenue increased $249 million or 27%. In our Investment and Corporate Banking business, revenue increased due to strong merger and acquisition advisory activity, higher revenue from equity and debt underwriting, corporate lending and net securities gains. Trading Products revenue increased due to higher trading revenue from improved client activity, particularly in equity and interest rate trading, and higher equity issuances.
Net recoveries of credit losses of $8 million increased $6 million. Non-interest expense increased $38 million or 6%, mainly due to higher employee-related costs, given strong performance.
Q4 2016 vs Q3 2016
Net income increased $75 million or 24% from the prior quarter, largely due to strong Investment and Corporate Banking revenue, primarily from merger and acquisition advisory activity, and lower provisions for credit losses, partially offset by higher expenses.
Revenue increased $98 million or 9%, driven by strong merger and acquisition advisory activity in both Canada and the U.S. and higher net securities gains in our Investment and Corporate Banking business. This was partially offset by lower revenue in our Trading Products business resulting from decreased trading revenue and lower equity and debt issuances.
Provision for credit losses decreased $45 million from the prior quarter primarily due to lower new provisions in the oil and gas sector and the benefit of a reversal in the current quarter. Non-interest expense increased $38 million or 6%, mainly due to higher employee-related expenses, in line with performance.
| Corporate Services | Table 14 |
| (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted) | Q4-2016 | Q3-2016 | Q4-2015 | Fiscal 2016 | Fiscal 2015 | ||||||
| Net interest income before group teb offset (1) | (83 | ) | (92 | ) | (69 | ) | (329 | ) | (252 | ) | |
| Group teb offset | (124 | ) | (106 | ) | (120 | ) | (510 | ) | (524 | ) | |
| Net interest income (teb) (1) | (207 | ) | (198 | ) | (189 | ) | (839 | ) | (776 | ) | |
| Non-interest revenue | 18 | 35 | 112 | 59 | 279 | ||||||
| Total revenue (teb) (1) | (189 | ) | (163 | ) | (77 | ) | (780 | ) | (497 | ) | |
| Recovery of credit losses (1) | (8 | ) | (11 | ) | (25 | ) | (74 | ) | (36 | ) | |
| Non-interest expense | 210 | 89 | 126 | 724 | 613 | ||||||
| Loss before income taxes | (391 | ) | (241 | ) | (178 | ) | (1,430 | ) | (1,074 | ) | |
| Recovery of income taxes (teb) | (183 | ) | (126 | ) | (139 | ) | (743 | ) | (666 | ) | |
| Reported net loss | (208 | ) | (115 | ) | (39 | ) | (687 | ) | (408 | ) | |
| Acquisition integration costs (2) | 14 | 10 | 6 | 41 | 6 | ||||||
| Cumulative accounting adjustment (3) | – | – | – | 62 | – | ||||||
| Restructuring costs (4) | – | – | – | 132 | 106 | ||||||
| Adjusted net loss | (194 | ) | (105 | ) | (33 | ) | (452 | ) | (296 | ) | |
| Corporate Services Recovery of Credit Losses | |||||||||||
| Impaired real estate loans | (2 | ) | (7 | ) | 3 | (16 | ) | 28 | |||
| Interest on impaired loans | – | – | 4 | – | 17 | ||||||
| Purchased credit impaired loans | (6 | ) | (4 | ) | (12 | ) | (58 | ) | (86 | ) | |
| Purchased performing loans | – | – | (20 | ) | – | 5 | |||||
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses (1) | (8 | ) | (11 | ) | (25 | ) | (74 | ) | (36 | ) | |
| Average loans and acceptances | 82 | 84 | 188 | 96 | 242 | ||||||
| Period-end loans and acceptances | 80 | 84 | 182 | 80 | 182 | ||||||
| U.S. Select Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||||||
| Total revenue (teb) (1) | (32 | ) | (30 | ) | (20 | ) | (135 | ) | (85 | ) | |
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses (1) | 12 | (9 | ) | (56 | ) | (81 | ) | (79 | ) | ||
| Non-interest expense | 67 | 42 | 61 | 219 | 272 | ||||||
| Recovery of income taxes (teb) | (26 | ) | (17 | ) | (11 | ) | (77 | ) | (131 | ) | |
| Reported net loss | (85 | ) | (46 | ) | (14 | ) | (196 | ) | (147 | ) | |
| Adjusted total revenue (teb) (1) | (32 | ) | (30 | ) | (20 | ) | (135 | ) | (85 | ) | |
| Adjusted provision for (recovery of) credit losses (1) | (7 | ) | (9 | ) | (21 | ) | (56 | ) | (30 | ) | |
| Adjusted non-interest expense | 53 | 30 | 58 | 120 | 228 | ||||||
| Adjusted net loss | (65 | ) | (38 | ) | (33 | ) | (150 | ) | (148 | ) | |
| (1) | Beginning in the first quarter of 2016, the reduction in the credit mark that is reflected in net interest income and the provision for credit losses on the purchased performing portfolio are being recognized in U.S. P&C, consistent with the accounting for the acquisition of the BMO Transportation Finance business and given that these amounts have reduced substantially in size. Results for prior periods have not been reclassified. |
| (2) | Acquisition integration costs related to the acquired BMO Transportation Finance business are primarily included in non-interest expense. |
| (3) | Cumulative accounting adjustment recognized in other non-interest revenue related to foreign currency translation that largely impacted prior periods. |
| (4) | Restructuring charges before tax amounts of: $188 million for Fiscal-2016 and $149 million for Fiscal-2015 are included in non-interest expense. |
| Adjusted results in this table are non-GAAP amounts or non-GAAP measures. Please see the Non-GAAP Measures section. | |
Corporate Services
Corporate Services consists of Corporate Support Areas (CSAs), including Technology and Operations (T&O). CSAs provide enterprise-wide expertise and governance support in a variety of areas, including strategic planning, risk management, finance, legal and regulatory compliance, marketing, communications and human resources. T&O manages, maintains and provides governance over information technology, operations services, real estate and procurement for BMO Financial Group.
The costs of providing these CSA and T&O services are largely transferred to the three client operating groups (P&C, Wealth Management and BMO Capital Markets), with remaining amounts retained in Corporate Services results. As such, Corporate Services adjusted operating results largely reflect the impact of residual treasury and asset-liability management activities, the elimination of taxable equivalent adjustments, the results from certain impaired real estate secured assets, certain purchased loan accounting impacts, residual unallocated expenses, certain acquisition integration costs, restructuring costs and adjustments to the collective allowance for credit losses.
Q4 2016 vs Q4 2015
Corporate Services net loss for the quarter was $208 million compared with a net loss of $39 million a year ago. Corporate Services adjusted net loss for the quarter was $194 million, compared with an adjusted net loss of $33 million a year ago. Adjusted results in both periods exclude the acquisition integration costs. Both reported and adjusted results declined due to lower revenue mainly driven by a recovery under a legal settlement in the prior year, above-trend expenses including employee-related and technology expenses, and lower credit recoveries.
Q4 2016 vs Q3 2016
Corporate Services net loss for the quarter was $208 million compared with a net loss of $115 million in the prior quarter. Corporate Services adjusted net loss was $194 million, compared with an adjusted net loss of $105 million in the prior quarter. Adjusted results in both periods exclude acquisition integration costs. Both reported and adjusted results declined mainly due to higher expenses in part due to seasonality.
Risk Management
Our market risk, liquidity and funding, insurance risk, information and cyber security risk, select European exposures and risk management practices and key measures are outlined in the Enterprise-Wide Risk Management section on pages 79 to 112 of BMO’s 2016 annual MD&A.
INVESTOR AND MEDIA PRESENTATION
Investor Presentation Materials
Interested parties are invited to visit our website at www.bmo.com/investorrelations to review our 2016 Annual Report, this quarterly news release, presentation materials and supplementary financial information package online.
Quarterly Conference Call and Webcast Presentations
Interested parties are also invited to listen to our quarterly conference call on Tuesday, December 6, 2016, at 2:00 p.m. (EST). At that time, senior BMO executives will comment on results for the quarter and respond to questions from the investor community. The call may be accessed by telephone at 416-695-9753 (from within Toronto) or 1-888-789-0089 (toll-free outside Toronto). A replay of the conference call can be accessed until Monday, February 27, 2017, by calling 905-694-9451 (from within Toronto) or 1-800-408-3053 (toll-free outside Toronto) and entering passcode 5740558.
A live webcast of the call can be accessed on our website at www.bmo.com/investorrelations. A replay can also be accessed on the site.
| Shareholder Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan (the Plan) Average market price as defined under the Plan August 2016: $85.56 September 2016: $85.84 October 2016: $86.26 For dividend information, change in shareholder address or to advise of duplicate mailings, please contact |
For other shareholder information, including the notice for our normal course issuer bid, please contact Bank of Montreal Shareholder Services Corporate Secretary’s Department One First Canadian Place, 21st Floor Toronto, Ontario M5X 1A1 Telephone: (416) 867-6785 Fax: (416) 867-6793 E-mail: corp.secretary@bmo.com For further information on this document, please contact To review financial results online, please visit our website at http://www.bmo.com/. To review regulatory filings and disclosures online, please visit our website at www.bmo.com/investorrelations. |
Our 2016 Annual MD&A, audited annual consolidated financial statements and annual report on Form 40-F (filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission) are available online at www.bmo.com/investorrelations and at www.sedar.com. Printed copies of the bank’s complete 2016 audited financial statements are available free of charge upon request at 416-867-6785 or corp.secretary@bmo.com.
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| Annual Meeting 2017 The next Annual Meeting of Shareholders will be held on Tuesday, April 4, 2017, in Toronto, Ontario. |
Ralph Marranca, Toronto
ralph.marranca@bmo.com
416-867-3996
Valerie Doucet, Montreal
valerie.doucet@bmo.com
514-877-8224
Investor Relations Contacts
Jill Homenuk, Head, Investor Relations
jill.homenuk@bmo.com
416-867-4770
Christine Viau, Director, Investor Relations
christine.viau@bmo.com
416-867-6956
Corporate Secretary
Barbara Muir, Corporate Secretary
corp.secretary@bmo.com
416-867-6423