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MYR Group Inc. Announces Fourth-Quarter and Full Year 2023 Results

THORNTON, Colo., Feb. 28, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — MYR Group Inc. (“MYR”) (NASDAQ: MYRG), a holding company of leading specialty contractors serving the electric utility infrastructure, commercial and industrial construction markets in the United States and Canada, announced today its fourth-quarter and full year 2023 financial results.

Fourth Quarter 2023 Highlights

Full Year 2023 Highlights

Management Comments
Rick Swartz, MYR’s President and CEO, said, “We finished 2023 with solid financial performance in the fourth quarter, and annual revenues of $3.64 billion, setting a record high for the ninth consecutive year. Fourth quarter 2023 net income was $24.0 million, a 2.2 percent decrease over the fourth quarter of 2022, with revenues, consolidated gross profit and EBITDA increasing compared to the same period of 2022. A steady backlog of $2.51 billion reflects a healthy bidding environment and the continued investment in infrastructure to meet growing electrification demands across the U.S. and Canada.” Mr. Swartz continued, “The dedication and talent of our team members contributed to our growing success in 2023. Market indicators remain positive, and by leveraging proven business strategies and remaining committed to providing customers with quality, safe, and dependable results, we believe we are well-positioned for continued growth in 2024.”

Fourth Quarter Results
MYR reported fourth-quarter 2023 revenues of $1.00 billion, an increase of $140.2 million, or 16.2 percent, compared to the fourth quarter of 2022. Specifically, our T&D segment reported record quarterly revenues of $591.5 million, an increase of $77.8 million, or 15.2 percent, from the fourth quarter of 2022, due to an increase in revenue on transmission projects, primarily related to an increase in revenue on clean energy projects as well as an increase in revenues on distribution projects. Our C&I segment also reported record quarterly revenues of $412.7 million, an increase of $62.4 million, or 17.8 percent, from the fourth quarter of 2022, primarily due to higher revenue related to clean energy projects in certain geographical areas.

Consolidated gross profit increased to $97.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, compared to $96.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2022. Gross margin decreased to 9.7 percent for the fourth quarter of 2023 from 11.1 percent for the fourth quarter of 2022. The decrease in gross margin was primarily due to labor and project inefficiencies, some of which were caused by supply chain disruptions and inclement weather experienced on certain projects. Gross margin was also negatively impacted by rising costs associated with inflation and unfavorable job closeouts. These margin decreases were partially offset by better-than-anticipated productivity and favorable weather on a project. Changes in estimates of gross profit on certain projects resulted in a gross margin decrease of 2.2 percent for the fourth quarter of 2023 and were not significant for the fourth quarter of 2022.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) increased to $60.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, compared to $58.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2022. The period-over-period increase was primarily due to an increase in employee-related expenses to support the growth in our operations and an increase in contingent compensation expense related to a prior acquisition, partially offset by a decrease in employee incentive compensation costs.

Amortization of intangible assets decreased to $1.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, compared to $2.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2022. The period-over-period decrease was primarily due to the one-year amortization of backlog acquired with the Powerline Plus Companies in 2022.

Interest expense increased to $1.9 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, compared to $1.3 million for the fourth quarter of 2022. The period-over-period increase was primarily attributable to higher interest rates and outstanding debt during the fourth quarter of 2023 as compared to the fourth quarter of 2022.

Income tax expense was $11.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2023, with an effective tax rate of 32.3 percent, compared to income tax expense of $11.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2022, which represented 31.3 percent of pretax income. The increase in the effective tax rate for the fourth quarter of 2023 compared to the fourth quarter of 2022 was primarily due to higher other permanent difference items.

For the fourth quarter of 2023, net income was $24.0 million, or $1.43 per diluted share, compared to $24.6 million, or $1.46 per diluted share, for the same period of 2022. Fourth-quarter 2023 EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, was $52.8 million, compared to $52.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2022.

Full Year Results
MYR reported record revenues of $3.64 billion for the full year of 2023, an increase of $635.4 million, or 21.1 percent, compared to $3.01 billion for the full year of 2022. Specifically, the T&D segment reported revenues of $2.09 billion, an increase of $343.4 million, or 19.7 percent, from the full year of 2022, related to an increase in revenue on transmission projects, primarily related to an increase in revenue on clean energy projects, and an increase in revenue on distribution projects. The C&I segment reported revenues of $1.55 billion, an increase of $291.9 million, or 23.1 percent, from the full year of 2022, primarily due to higher revenue related to clean energy projects in certain geographical areas.

Consolidated gross profit was $364.4 million for the full year of 2023, compared to $344.0 million for the full year of 2022. The increase in gross profit was due to higher revenues, partially offset by lower margins. Gross margin decreased to 10.0 percent for the full year of 2023 from 11.4 percent for the full year of 2022. The decrease in gross margin was primarily due to labor and project inefficiencies, some of which were caused by rising costs associated with supply chain disruptions, inflation and inclement weather experienced on certain projects. Gross margin was also negatively impacted by an increase in cost associated with an adjustment to sales tax accruals for prior periods in one of our operating areas. These margin decreases were partially offset by favorable change orders, better-than-anticipated productivity and favorable weather on a project. Changes in estimates of gross profit on certain projects resulted in a gross margin decreases of 1.7 percent and 0.4 percent for the full year of 2023 and 2022, respectively.

SG&A increased to $234.6 million for the full year of 2023, compared to $222.4 million for the full year of 2022. The year-over-year increase was primarily due to an increase in employee-related expenses to support the growth in our operations and an increase in contingent compensation expense related to a prior acquisition.

Amortization of intangible assets decreased to $4.9 million for the full year of 2023, compared to $9.0 million for the full year of 2022. The year-over-year decrease was primarily due to intangible amortization associated with the one-year amortization of backlog acquired with the Powerline Plus Companies in 2022.

Interest expense increased to $4.9 million for the full year of 2023, compared to $3.6 million for the full year of 2022. The year-over-year increase was primarily attributable to higher interest rates partially offset by lower average debt balances during the full year of 2023 as compared to the full year of 2022.

Income tax expense was $34.0 million for the full year of 2023, with an effective tax rate of 27.2 percent, compared to income tax expense of $30.8 million for the full year of 2022, with an effective tax rate of 27.0 percent. The increase in the tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2023 was primarily due to higher other permanent difference items, partially offset by a higher favorable impact from stock compensation excess tax benefits.

For the full year of 2023, net income was $91.0 million, or $5.40 per diluted share, compared to $83.4 million, or $4.91 per diluted share, for the same period of 2022. Full-year 2023 EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, was a record $188.2 million, compared to $175.8 million for the full year of 2022.

Backlog
As of December 31, 2023, MYR’s backlog was $2.51 billion, compared to $2.62 billion as of September 30, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, T&D backlog was $959.6 million and C&I backlog was $1.55 billion. Total backlog at December 31, 2023 increased $10.6 million, or 0.4 percent, from the $2.50 billion reported at December 31, 2022.

Balance Sheet
As of December 31, 2023, MYR had $442.4 million of borrowing availability under our $490 million revolving credit facility.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement MYR’s financial statements presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”), MYR uses certain non-GAAP measures. Reconciliation to the nearest GAAP measures of all non-GAAP measures included in this press release can be found at the end of this release. MYR’s definitions of these non-GAAP measures may differ from similarly titled measures used by others. These non-GAAP measures should be considered supplemental to, and not a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.

MYR believes that these non-GAAP measures are useful because they (i) provide both management and investors meaningful supplemental information regarding financial performance by excluding certain expenses and benefits that may not be indicative of recurring core business operating results, (ii) permit investors to view MYR’s performance using the same tools that management uses to evaluate MYR’s past performance, reportable business segments and prospects for future performance, (iii) publicly disclose results that are relevant to financial covenants included in MYR’s credit facility and (iv) otherwise provide supplemental information that may be useful to investors in evaluating MYR.

Conference Call
MYR will host a conference call to discuss its fourth-quarter and full year 2023 results on Thursday, February 29, 2024 at 8:00 a.m. Mountain time. To participate via telephone and join the call live, please register in advance here: https://register.vevent.com/register/BI2cabb3d2e38b4e0d8a2efe632b6ada9d. Upon registration, telephone participants will receive a confirmation email detailing how to join the conference call, including the dial-in number and a unique passcode. Participants may access the audio-only webcast of the conference call from the Investors page of MYR Group’s website at myrgroup.com. A replay of the webcast will be available for seven days.

About MYR
MYR Group is a holding company of leading, specialty electrical contractors providing services throughout the United States and Canada through two business segments: Transmission & Distribution (T&D) and Commercial & Industrial (C&I). MYR Group subsidiaries have the experience and expertise to complete electrical installations of any type and size. Through their T&D segment they provide services on electric transmission, distribution networks, substation facilities, clean energy projects and electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Their comprehensive T&D services include design, engineering, procurement, construction, upgrade, maintenance and repair services. T&D customers include investor-owned utilities, cooperatives, private developers, government-funded utilities, independent power producers, independent transmission companies, industrial facility owners and other contractors. Through their C&I segment, they provide a broad range of services which include the design, installation, maintenance and repair of commercial and industrial wiring generally for airports, hospitals, data centers, hotels, stadiums, commercial and industrial facilities, clean energy projects, manufacturing plants, processing facilities, water/waste-water treatment facilities, mining facilities, intelligent transportation systems, roadway lighting, signalization and electric vehicle charging infrastructure. C&I customers include general contractors, commercial and industrial facility owners, government agencies and developers. For more information, visit myrgroup.com.

Forward-Looking Statements
Various statements in this announcement, including those that express a belief, expectation, or intention, as well as those that are not statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements may include projections and estimates concerning the timing and success of specific projects and our future production, revenue, income, capital spending, segment improvements and investments. Forward-looking statements are generally accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “encouraged,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “project,” “remain confident,” “should,” “unlikely,” or other words that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. The forward-looking statements in this announcement speak only as of the date of this announcement; we disclaim any obligation to update these statements (unless required by securities laws), and we caution you not to rely on them unduly. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and assumptions about future events. While our management considers these expectations and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, regulatory and other risks, contingencies and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. No forward-looking statement can be guaranteed and actual results may differ materially from those projected. Forward-looking statements in this announcement should be evaluated together with the many uncertainties that affect MYR’s business, particularly those mentioned in the risk factors and cautionary statements in Item 1A of MYR’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in any risk factors or cautionary statements contained in MYR’s subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K.

MYR Group Inc. Contact:
Kelly M. Huntington, Chief Financial Officer, 847-290-1891, investorinfo@myrgroup.com 

Investor Contact:
David Gutierrez, Dresner Corporate Services, 312-780-7204, dgutierrez@dresnerco.com 

Financial tables follow…

MYR GROUP INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022
 
(in thousands, except share and per share data) December 31,
2023
  December 31,
2022
       
ASSETS      
Current assets      
Cash and cash equivalents $ 24,899     $ 51,040  
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $1,987 and $2,073, respectively   521,893       472,543  
Contract assets, net of allowances of $610 and $499, respectively   420,616       300,615  
Current portion of receivable for insurance claims in excess of deductibles   8,267       9,325  
Refundable income taxes   4,034       8,944  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets   46,535       47,824  
Total current assets   1,026,244       890,291  
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of  $380,465 and $351,753, respectively   268,978       233,175  
Operating lease right-of-use assets   35,012       30,544  
Goodwill   116,953       115,847  
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of  $30,534 and $25,439, respectively   83,516       87,557  
Receivable for insurance claims in excess of deductibles   33,739       34,210  
Investment in joint venture   8,707       3,697  
Other assets   5,597       3,537  
Total assets $ 1,578,746     $ 1,398,858  
       
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY      
Current liabilities      
Current portion of long-term debt $ 7,053     $ 5,074  
Current portion of operating lease obligations   9,237       9,711  
Current portion of finance lease obligations   2,039       1,127  
Accounts payable   359,363       315,323  
Contract liabilities   240,411       227,055  
Current portion of accrued self-insurance   28,269       28,752  
Accrued income taxes   237        
Other current liabilities   100,593       79,918  
Total current liabilities   747,202       666,960  
Deferred income tax liabilities   48,230       45,775  
Long-term debt   29,188       35,479  
Accrued self-insurance   51,796       51,287  
Operating lease obligations, net of current maturities   25,775       20,845  
Finance lease obligations, net of current maturities   314       2,313  
Other liabilities   25,039       15,999  
Total liabilities   927,544       838,658  
Commitments and contingencies      
Shareholders’ equity      
Preferred stock – $0.01 par value per share; 4,000,000 authorized shares; none issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022          
Common stock – $0.01 par value per share; 100,000,000 authorized shares; 16,684,492 and 16,563,767 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively   167       165  
Additional paid-in capital   162,386       161,427  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (3,880 )     (6,300 )
Retained earnings   492,529       404,908  
Total shareholders’ equity   651,202       560,200  
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 1,578,746     $ 1,398,858  
MYR GROUP INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Three Months and Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
 
  Three months ended
December 31,
  For the year ended
December 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)   2023       2022       2023       2022  
               
Contract revenues $ 1,004,197     $ 863,956     $ 3,643,905     $ 3,008,542  
Contract costs   906,702       767,687       3,279,508       2,664,580  
Gross profit   97,495       96,269       364,397       343,962  
Selling, general and administrative expenses   59,993       57,953       234,611       222,424  
Amortization of intangible assets   1,221       2,162       4,907       9,009  
Gain on sale of property and equipment   (921 )     (631 )     (4,214 )     (2,378 )
Income from operations   37,202       36,785       129,093       114,907  
Other income (expense):              
Interest income   148       129       888       187  
Interest expense   (1,880 )     (1,328 )     (4,939 )     (3,563 )
Other income (expense), net   23       188       (38 )     2,673  
Income before provision for income taxes   35,493       35,774       125,004       114,204  
Income tax expense   11,451       11,201       34,014       30,823  
Net income $ 24,042     $ 24,573     $ 90,990     $ 83,381  
Income per common share:              
– Basic $ 1.44     $ 1.48     $ 5.45     $ 4.98  
– Diluted $ 1.43     $ 1.46     $ 5.40     $ 4.91  
Weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding:              
– Basic   16,695       16,575       16,682       16,760  
– Diluted   16,838       16,787       16,837       16,980  
MYR GROUP INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
 
  For the year ended
December 31,
(in thousands)   2023       2022  
       
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income $ 90,990     $ 83,381  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment   54,231       49,161  
Amortization of intangible assets   4,907       9,009  
Stock-based compensation expense   8,376       7,922  
Deferred income taxes   2,056       9,573  
Gain on sale of property and equipment   (4,214 )     (2,378 )
Other non-cash items   96       2,294  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Accounts receivable, net   (48,527 )     (86,939 )
Contract assets, net   (119,246 )     (64,421 )
Receivable for insurance claims in excess of deductibles   1,529       (14 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets   560       1,640  
Accounts payable   37,250       109,008  
Contract liabilities   13,151       58,001  
Accrued self-insurance   17       4,999  
Other liabilities   29,840       (13,752 )
Net cash flows provided by operating activities   71,016       167,484  
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment   5,608       1,990  
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired         (110,660 )
Purchases of property and equipment   (84,736 )     (77,056 )
Net cash flows used in investing activities   (79,128 )     (185,726 )
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Borrowings under revolving lines of credit   562,901       198,697  
Repayments under revolving lines of credit   (562,615 )     (185,782 )
Payment of principal obligations under equipment notes   (4,598 )     (1,047 )
Payment of principal obligations under finance leases   (1,143 )     (1,592 )
Borrowings under equipment notes         24,184  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options   20       40  
Debt refinancing costs   (2,129 )      
Repurchase of common stock   (2,868 )     (36,981 )
Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation   (7,936 )     (6,791 )
Net cash flows used in financing activities   (18,368 )     (9,272 )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash   339       (3,538 )
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents   (26,141 )     (31,052 )
Cash and cash equivalents:      
Beginning of period   51,040       82,092  
End of period $ 24,899     $ 51,040  
MYR GROUP INC.
Unaudited Consolidated Selected Data,
Unaudited Performance Measure and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measure
For the Three and Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 and
As of December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021 and 2020
 
  Three months ended December 31,   Twelve months ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)   2023       2022       2023       2022  
Summary Statement of Operations Data:              
Contract revenues $ 1,004,197     $ 863,956     $ 3,643,905     $ 3,008,542  
Gross profit $ 97,495     $ 96,269     $ 364,397     $ 343,962  
Income from operations $ 37,202     $ 36,785     $ 129,093     $ 114,907  
Income before provision for income taxes $ 35,493     $ 35,774     $ 125,004     $ 114,204  
Income tax expense $ 11,451     $ 11,201     $ 34,014     $ 30,823  
Net income $ 24,042     $ 24,573     $ 90,990     $ 83,381  
Effective tax rate   32.3 %     31.3 %     27.2 %     27.0 %
               
Per Share Data:              
Income per common share:              
– Basic $ 1.44     $ 1.48     $ 5.45     $ 4.98  
– Diluted $ 1.43     $ 1.46     $ 5.40     $ 4.91  
Weighted average number of common shares and potential common shares outstanding:              
– Basic   16,695       16,575       16,682       16,760  
– Diluted   16,838       16,787       16,837       16,980  

 

(in thousands) December 31,
2023
  December 31,
2022
  December 31,
2021
  December 31,
2020
               
Summary Balance Sheet Data:              
Total assets $ 1,578,746   $ 1,398,858   $ 1,121,092   $ 995,859
Total shareholders’ equity $ 651,202   $ 560,200   $ 519,102   $ 429,288
Goodwill and intangible assets $ 200,469   $ 203,404   $ 115,119   $ 117,430
Total funded debt (1) $ 36,241   $ 40,553   $ 4,503   $ 29,420
  Three months ended December 31,   Twelve months ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)   2023       2022       2023       2022  
Segment Results: Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent   Amount   Percent
Contract revenues:                              
Transmission & Distribution $ 591,541     58.9 %   $ 513,687     59.5 %   $ 2,089,196     57.3 %   $ 1,745,792     58.0 %
Commercial & Industrial   412,656     41.1       350,269     40.5       1,554,709     42.7       1,262,750     42.0  
Total $ 1,004,197     100.0 %   $ 863,956     100.0 %   $ 3,643,905     100.0 %   $ 3,008,542     100.0 %
Operating income (loss):                              
Transmission & Distribution $ 42,886     7.2 %   $ 41,331     8.0 %   $ 149,703     7.2 %   $ 138,886     8.0 %
Commercial & Industrial   8,707     2.1       12,681     3.6       45,889     3.0       43,159     3.4  
Total   51,593     5.1       54,012     6.3       195,592     5.3       182,045     6.0  
Corporate   (14,391 )   (1.4 )     (17,227 )   (2.0 )     (66,499 )   (1.8 )     (67,138 )   (2.2 )
Consolidated $ 37,202     3.7 %   $ 36,785     4.3 %   $ 129,093     3.5 %   $ 114,907     3.8 %

See notes at the end of this earnings release

MYR GROUP INC.
Unaudited Performance Measures and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
Three and Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
 
  Three months ended December 31,   Twelve months ended December 31,
(in thousands, except share, per share data, ratios and percentages)   2023       2022       2023       2022  
               
Financial Performance Measures (2):              
EBITDA (3) $ 52,829     $ 51,979     $ 188,193     $ 175,750  
EBITDA per Diluted Share (4) $ 3.14     $ 3.09     $ 11.17     $ 10.35  
EBIA, net of taxes (5) $ 26,041     $ 26,882     $ 97,511     $ 92,422  
Free Cash Flow (6) $ 21,679     $ 65,224     $ (13,720 )   $ 90,428  
Book Value per Period End Share (7)         $ 38.67     $ 33.38  
Tangible Book Value (8)         $ 450,733     $ 356,796  
Tangible Book Value per Period End Share (9)         $ 26.77     $ 21.26  
Funded Debt to Equity Ratio (10)           0.1       0.1  
Asset Turnover (11)           2.60       2.68  
Return on Assets (12)           6.5 %     7.4 %
Return on Equity (13)           16.2 %     16.1 %
Return on Invested Capital (14)           16.1 %     18.6 %
               
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures:              
Reconciliation of Net Income to EBITDA:              
Net income $ 24,042     $ 24,573     $ 90,990     $ 83,381  
Interest expense, net   1,732       1,199       4,051       3,376  
Income tax expense   11,451       11,201       34,014       30,823  
Depreciation and amortization   15,604       15,006       59,138       58,170  
EBITDA (3) $ 52,829     $ 51,979     $ 188,193     $ 175,750  
               
Reconciliation of Net Income per Diluted Share to EBITDA per Diluted Share:              
Net income per share $ 1.43     $ 1.46     $ 5.40     $ 4.91  
Interest expense, net, per share   0.10       0.07       0.24       0.20  
Income tax expense per share   0.68       0.67       2.02       1.82  
Depreciation and amortization per share   0.93       0.89       3.51       3.42  
EBITDA per Diluted Share (4) $ 3.14     $ 3.09     $ 11.17     $ 10.35  
               
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP measure:              
Net income $ 24,042     $ 24,573     $ 90,990     $ 83,381  
Interest expense, net   1,732       1,199       4,051       3,376  
Amortization of intangible assets   1,221       2,162       4,907       9,009  
Tax impact of interest and amortization of intangible assets   (954 )     (1,052 )     (2,437 )     (3,344 )
EBIA, net of taxes (5) $ 26,041     $ 26,882     $ 97,511     $ 92,422  
               
Calculation of Free Cash Flow:              
Net cash flow from operating activities $ 42,624     $ 93,758     $ 71,016     $ 167,484  
Less: cash used in purchasing property and equipment   (20,945 )     (28,534 )     (84,736 )     (77,056 )
Free Cash Flow (6) $ 21,679     $ 65,224     $ (13,720 )   $ 90,428  
               

See notes at the end of this earnings release.

MYR GROUP INC.
Unaudited Performance Measures and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
As of December 31, 20232022 and 2021
 
(in thousands) December 31, 2023   December 31, 2022
       
Reconciliation of Book Value to Tangible Book Value:      
Book value (total shareholders’ equity) $ 651,202     $ 560,200  
Goodwill and intangible assets   (200,469 )     (203,404 )
Tangible Book Value (8) $ 450,733     $ 356,796  
       
Reconciliation of Book Value per Period End Share to Tangible Book Value per Period End Share:      
Book value per period end share $ 38.67     $ 33.38  
Goodwill and intangible assets per period end share   (11.90 )     (12.12 )
Tangible Book Value per Period End Share (9) $ 26.77     $ 21.26  
       
Calculation of Period End Shares:      
Shares outstanding   16,684       16,564  
Plus: common equivalents   155       220  
Period End Shares (15)   16,839       16,784  
(in thousands)   December 31, 2023   December 31, 2022   December 31, 2021
             
Reconciliation of Invested Capital to Shareholders Equity:            
Book value (total shareholders’ equity)   $ 651,202     $ 560,200     $ 519,102  
Plus: total funded debt     36,241       40,553       4,503  
Less: cash and cash equivalents     (24,899 )     (51,040 )     (82,092 )
Invested Capital   $ 662,544     $ 549,713     $ 441,513  
Average Invested Capital (16)     606,129       495,613      

See notes at the end of this earnings release.

(1) Funded debt includes borrowings under our revolving credit facility and the outstanding balances of our outstanding equipment notes.
(2) These financial performance measures are provided as supplemental information to the financial statements. These measures are used by management to evaluate our past performance, our prospects for future performance and our ability to comply with certain material covenants as defined within our credit agreement, and to compare our results with those of our peers. In addition, we believe that certain of the measures, such as book value, tangible book value, free cash flow, asset turnover, return on equity and debt leverage are measures that are monitored by sureties, lenders, lessors, suppliers and certain investors. Our calculation of each measure is described in the following notes; our calculation may not be the same as the calculations made by other companies.
(3) EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is not recognized under GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to net income as a measure of operating performance or to net cash flows provided by operating activities as a measure of liquidity. Certain material covenants contained within our credit agreement are based on EBITDA with certain additional adjustments, including our interest coverage ratio and leverage ratio, which we must comply with to avoid potential immediate repayment of amounts borrowed or additional fees to seek relief from our lenders. In addition, management considers EBITDA a useful measure because it provides MYR Group Inc. and its investors with an additional tool to compare MYR Group Inc. operating performance on a consistent basis by removing the impact of certain items that management believes to not directly reflect the company’s core operations. Management further believes that EBITDA is useful to investors and other external users of MYR Group Inc. financial statements in evaluating the company’s operating performance and cash flow because EBITDA is widely used by investors to measure a company’s operating performance without regard to items such as interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization, which can vary substantially from company to company depending upon accounting methods and book value of assets, useful lives placed on assets, capital structure and the method by which assets were acquired.
(4) EBITDA per diluted share is calculated by dividing EBITDA by the weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding for the period. EBITDA per diluted share is not recognized under GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to income per diluted share.
(5) EBIA, net of taxes is defined as net income plus net interest plus amortization of intangible assets, less the tax impact of net interest and amortization of intangible assets. The tax impact of net interest and amortization of intangible assets is computed by multiplying net interest and amortization of intangible assets by the effective tax rate. Management uses EBIA, net of taxes, to measure our results exclusive of the impact of financing and amortization of intangible assets costs.
(6) Free cash flow, which is defined as cash flow provided by operating activities minus cash flow used in purchasing property and equipment, is not recognized under GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to net income , cash flow from operations or the change in cash on the balance sheet. Management views free cash flow as a measure of operational performance, liquidity and financial health.
(7) Book value per period end share is calculated by dividing total shareholders’ equity at the end of the period by the period end shares outstanding.
(8) Tangible book value is calculated by subtracting goodwill and intangible assets at the end of the period from shareholders’ equity at the end of the period. Tangible book value is not recognized under GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to book value or shareholders’ equity.
(9) Tangible book value per period end share is calculated by dividing tangible book value at the end of the period by the period end number of shares outstanding. Tangible book value per period end share is not recognized under GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to income per diluted share.
(10) The funded debt to equity ratio is calculated by dividing total funded debt at the end of the period by total shareholders’ equity at the end of the period.
(11) Asset turnover is calculated by dividing the current period revenue by total assets at the beginning of the period.
(12) Return on assets is calculated by dividing net income for the period by total assets at the beginning of the period.
(13) Return on equity is calculated by dividing net income for the period by total shareholders’ equity at the beginning of the period.
(14) Return on invested capital is calculated by dividing EBIA, net of taxes, less any dividends, by average invested capital. Return on invested capital is not recognized under GAAP, and is a key metric used by management to determine our executive compensation.
(15) Period end shares is calculated by adding average common stock equivalents for the quarter to the period end balance of common shares outstanding. Period end shares is not recognized under GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to diluted shares. Management views period end shares as a better measure of shares outstanding as of the end of the period.
(16) Average invested capital is calculated by adding net funded debt (total funded debt less cash and marketable securities) to total shareholders’ equity and calculating the average of the beginning and ending of each period.


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